Skripsi

Penilaian Kognitif pada Anak Sekolah Dasar dengan Perawakan Pendek di Kampung Melayu = Cognitive Assessment of Elementary School Children with Short Stature in Kampung Melayu.

Pendahuluan: Di Indonesia, diperkirakan 23,6% anak berusia 5-12 tahun berperawakan pendek, oleh karena itu perawakan pendek dijadikan sebagia salah satu prioritas kesehatan. Anak dengan perawakan pendek berkaitan pada tingkat kognitif yang rendah, sehingga akan berdampak pada kualitas hidup. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara studi potong lintang pada SDN 01 Kampung Melayu di wilayah Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjek adalah anak dengan perawakan pendek yang berusia 6-12 tahun. Data diambil dengan cara pengukuran tinggi badan menurut umur dengan menggunakan kurva Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Center for Health Statistics (CDC-NCHS) dan nilai total penilaian kognitif yang menggunakan instrumen Cognitive Test Battery for Individuals with and without Intellectual Disabilities (CIID). Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menilai kognitif pada anak Sekolah Dasar dengan perawakan pendek. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini terdapat sekitar 14,61% anak perawakan pendek di SDN 01 Kampung Melayu. Hasil tes CIID, Skor Total di dapatkan rentang 5-26, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 13,59±4,54. Skor Non Verbal di dapatkan rentang 7-39, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 21,94±7,51. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test di dapatkan rentang 6-31, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 19,36±5,90. Verbal Fluency di dapatkan rentang 5-26, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 13,59±4,54. Jika dibandingkan dengan penelitian sebelumnya, subjek dengan perawakan pendek memiliki nilai menyerupai anak dengan perawakan normal. Tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara anak perawakan pendek dengan status gizi kurang dan anak perawakan pendek dengan status gizi normal, yaitu dengan p = 0,369. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini terdapat 14,61% anak perawakan pendek dengan skor total rentang 5-26, dengan rerata dan simpang baku 13,59±4,54.
Kata kunci: Perawakan Pendek, Kognitif, Anak Sekolah Dasar, Kampung Melayu


Introduction: In Indonesia, an estimated 23.6% of children aged 5-12 years are short stature, therefore short stature is made one of the health priorities. Children with short stature are associated with low cognitive levels, so that it will have an impact on quality of life. Method: This research was conducted in a cross-sectional study at SDN 01 Kampung Melayu in the Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjects are children with short stature aged 6-12 years. Data was taken by measuring height according to age according to the curve used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Center for Health Statistics (CDC-NCHS) and total value from cognitive assessment using the Cognitive Test Battery for Individuals with and without Intellectual Disabilities (CIID) instrument. This research was conducted aiming to assess cognitive in elementary school children with short stature. Results: In this study there were about 14.61% of short stature children in SDN 01 Kampung Melayu. CIID test results, Total Score obtained in the range of 5-26, with a mean and standard intersection of 13.59 ± 4.54. Non Verbal Score was obtained in the range 7-39, with mean and standard deviations of 21.94 ± 7.51. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test obtained range 6-31, with mean and standard deviations of 19.36 ± 5.90. Verbal Fluency is obtained in the range of 5-26, with mean and standard intersections 13.59 ± 4.54. When compared with previous studies, subjects with short stature have values similar to those of children with normal stature. No significant difference was found between short stature children with underweight nutritional status and short stature children with normal nutritional status, with p = 0.369. Conclusion: In this study there were 14.61% of short stature children with a total score ranging from 5-26, with a mean and standard crossing of 13.59 ± 4.54
Key words: Short Stature, Cognitive, Primary School, Kampung Melayu