Skripsi

Hubungan Tingkat Kepatuhan Terapi Kelasi terhadap Kejadian Diabetes Melitus pada Pasien Beta Thalassemia Mayor = Relationship of the Level of Chelation Therapy Adherence to the Occurence of Diabetes Melitus in Beta Thalassemia Major Patients.

Pendahuluan: Beta thalassemia mayor (BTM) merupakan kelainan sintesis rantai beta globin yang menyebabkan penderitanya harus menjalani transfusi berulang untuk mempertahankan kadar hemoglobin. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan hemokromatosis di berbagai organ yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi, termasuk diabetes melitus (DM). Terapi kelasi besi ditujukan untuk mengurangi hemokromatosis dan mencegah komplikasi, namun seringkali penderita tidak patuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kepatuhan terapi kelasi terhadap kejadian DM pada pasien BTM. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain potong-lintang. Tingkat kepatuhan terapi kelasi ditentukan menggunakan Morisky Medication Adherence Scale – 8 (MMAS-8), sementara data pemeriksaan laboratorium terkait DM (kadar glukosa darah sewaktu, puasa, dan 2 jam postprandial) didapatkan dari rekam medis. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita BTM di Pusat Kesehatan Ibu & Anak (PKIA) Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Kiara yang bersedia mengisi kuesioner dan memiliki data pemeriksaan laboratorium terkait. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Uji OneWay ANOVA dan Uji T Tidak Berpasangan. Hasil: Dari 50 penderita BTM yang menjadi subjek penelitian, sebagian besar (74%) memiliki tingkat kepatuhan terapi kelasi yang rendah. Ditemukan 1 (2%) subjek yang memiliki kondisi prediabetes. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat kepatuhan terapi kelasi terhadap kadar glukosa darah sewaktu (p = 0,843, n = 35), kadar glukosa darah puasa (p = 0,776, n = 17), maupun kadar glukosa darah 2 jam postprandial (p = 0,863, n = 17). Kesimpulan: Tingkat kepatuhan terapi kelasi tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian DM yang ditentukan melalui kadar glukosa darah sewaktu, puasa, dan 2 jam postprandial.
Kata Kunci: Beta thalassemia mayor, diabetes melitus, kepatuhan, terapi kelasi


Introduction: Beta thalassemia major (BTM) is a disorder of beta globin chain synthesis that causes sufferers to undergo repeated transfusions to maintain hemoglobin levels. This can cause hemochromatosis, and in various organs can cause complications, including diabetes melitus (DM). Iron chelation therapy is intended to reduce hemochromatosis and prevent complications, but often sufferers do not comply. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the level of adherence of chelation therapy to the occurence of DM in BTM patients. Method: This research is a cross-sectional study. The level of chelation therapy adherence was determined using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale - 8 (MMAS-8), while laboratory examination data related to DM (random, fasting, and two hours post-prandial plasma glucose level) were obtained from medical records. The subjects were BTM sufferers at the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Kiara Hospital who were willing to fill out questionnaires and have relevant laboratory examination data. Data analysis was performed with One-Way ANOVA and Independent T-Test. Results: From BTM sufferers who were the subjects of the study, the majority (74%) had a low level of chelation therapy adherence. One (2%) subject were found to have prediabetes. No significant relationship was found between the level of chelation therapy adherence to random blood glucose levels (p = 0.843, n = 35), fasting blood glucose levels (p = 0.776, n = 17), and 2 hours post-prandial blood glucose levels (p = 0.863 , n = 17). Conclusion: The level of chelation therapy adherence is not related to the occurence of DM which is determined through random, fasting, and two hours postprandial plasma glucose level.
Keywords: Beta thalassemia major, diabetes melitus, adherence, chelation therapy