Skripsi

The Expression of Oct-4 Transcription Factor in Adipocytederived and Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cell Fraction = Ekspresi Faktor Transkripsi Oct-4 pada Fraksi Sel Punca Adipocyte-derived dan Umbilical Cord-derived.

Background: Stem cell therapy, despite providing new alternative approaches to regenerative treatment still presents with problems of ethical barriers and immune rejection, especially in the use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs), has similar characteristics to ESCs yet is not restricted by the ethical problems. Oct-4 gene plays a crucial role in the maintenance of pluripotency and in the induction of pluripotent stem cells. The possibilities of using mesenchymal stem cells such as Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells (ADSC) and Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells (USC) for induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) are promising and still being explored. The pluripotency level of the ADSC and USC have not been conducted before. Therefore, this research aims to compare the pluripotency level between the two type of mesenchymal stem cells through the Oct-4 gene expression. Method: Extraction of RNA was performed from Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells, Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells and Breast Cancer Stem Cells. The relative expression of Oct-4 gene was obtained through One-Step quantitative RT-PCR. Further statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24.0. Results: The ADSC expressed higher levels of Oct-4 mRNA, by 1.68 times, compared to USC. Conclusions: Although USC is more primitive and should be more pluripotent, the data suggests that ADSC has a greater pluripotency than USC. Further study is required to examine other pluripotency genes involved in the pluripotency core network.
Keywords: Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells, Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells, Pluripotency, Oct-4, Gene Expression


Latar Belakang: Terapi sel punca, walaupun membuka alternatif baru terhadap tatalaksana regeneratif namun masih mempunyai hambatan dalam etik dan juga penolakan sistem imun, terutama dalam penggunaan sel punca embrionik (ESCs). Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs), mempunyai karakteristik yang mirip dengan ESCs namun tidak dibatasi oleh masalah etik. Gen Oct-4 mempunyai peran penting dalam mempertahankan pluripotency dan juga dalam menginduksi sel iPSCs. Kemungkinan untuk menggunakan Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells (ADSC) dan Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells (USC) dalam pembuatan induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) sangat menjanjikan dan sedang dieksplorasi. Tingkat pluripotency dari ADSC dan USC belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat pluripotency antara dua jenis sel punca mesenkimal melalui ekspresi gen Oct-4. Metode: Ekstraksi RNA dilakukan pada Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells, Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells dan Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Ekspresi relatif dari gen Oct-4 didapatkan melalui One-Step quantitative RT-PCR. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan SPSS 24.0. Hasil: ADSC mengekspresikan lebih banyak Oct-4 mRNA, sebanyak 1.68 kali, dibandingkan USC. Kesimpulan: Walaupun USC lebih primitif dan seharusnya juga lebih pluripoten, data menunjukkan bahwa ADSC memiliki pluripotency yang lebih tinggi dari USC. Penelitian lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui gen pluripotency yang terlibat di pluripotency core network.
Kata kunci: Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells, Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells, Pluripotency, Oct-4, Ekspresi Gen