Tesis

Association Between Body Mass Index and Sugar– Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Young Adults in Universitas Indonesia = Hubungan antara Index Massa Tubuh dengan Konsumsi Minuman Berpemanis pada Usia Dewasa Muda di Universitas Indonesia.

The prevalence of overweight–obesity is increasing globally every year, including Indonesia. One global concern by World Health Organization (WHO) related to overweight–obesity was high energy intake from sugar resulting on weight gain, tooth decay, and non-communicable diseases. Recently, more than 10.9% of Indonesian adults consumed energy from SSB exceeding WHO recommendation. This cross sectional study aimed to assess the association between body mass index (BMI) and SSB consumption among young adults in Universitas Indonesia, adjusted to sociodemographic status, total energy intake (TEI) and physical activity level (PAL). Data collection was conducted in Universitas Indonesia, West Java Indonesia during March–June 2019. College students living in dormitory were enrolled 161 students consecutively as respondents. Weight and height measurement was obtained for calculating the BMI, while SSB consumption was obtained by 7–days fluid record. Structured questionnaire, 24– hours recall and short international physical activity questionnaire were used for assessing sociodemographisc status, TEI and PAL. Data analysis used SPSS version 20. The result found 24.2% of respondents were overweight-obese; 11.8% of respondents consumed added sugar in SSB more than 50 g/day. More respondents had inadequate TEI and low PAL. In multivariate analysis, BMI was significantly associated with SSB consumption based on added sugar (β=1.810, 95% 0.014–3.606 of CI, p=0.048, adj R 2 =0.028). It is necessary to include how to reduce SSB cosumption in all education program.
Keywords: Sugar–sweetened beverage, young adult, added sugar, free sugar intake, overweight–obesity


Prevalensi kegemukan / obesitas meningkat setiap tahun secara global termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu fokus masalah oleh organisasi kesehatan dunia (WHO) adalah tingginya konsumsi energi dari gula yang berdampak pada pengingkatan berat badan, kerusakan gigi, dan penyakit tidak menular. Dewasa ini, sebanyak 10,9% orang dewasa di Indonesia mengonsumsi energi dari gula melebihi anjuran dari WHO. Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara index massa tubuh (IMT) dan konsumsi minuman berpemanis pada usia dewasa muda di Universitas Indonesia, disesuaikan dengan faktor-faktor lain seperti status sosiodemografi, asupan energi total dan aktivitas fisik. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara consecutive di Universitas Indonesia, Jawa Barat, Indonesia selama bulan Maret – Juni 2019, terhadap 161 mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia yang tinggal di asrama. IMT diperoleh dari pengukuran berat dan tinggi badan, sedangkan konsumsi minuman berpemanis diperolah menggunakan catatan minuman 7 hari. Kuesioner terstruktur, 24–hours recall dan kuesioner aktivitas fisik internasional digunakan untuk menilai sosio-demografi, asupan energi dan aktivitas fisik. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 24,2% memiliki status gizi lebih/ obesitas dan 11,8% responden mengonsumsi gula tambahan di minuman lebih dari 50 gram per hari. Sebagian besar responden memiliki mengonsumsi energi tidak cukup dan aktivitas fisik rendah. Setelah disesuaikan dengan faktor-faktor perancu lain, IMT secara signifikan berhubungan konsumsi minuman berpemanis berdasarkan asupan gula tambahan (β=1,810; interval kepercayaan 95% 0,014 – 3,606; p=0,048, adj R 2 =0,028). Oleh karena itu, seluruh program edukasi perlu menambahkan materi tentang cara menurunkan konsumsi minuman berpemanis.
Kata kunci: Minuman berpemanis, dewasa muda, gula tambahan, gula bebas, gizi lebih