Tesis

Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner SPS-6 Sebagai Penilaian Komponen Kesehatan Presenteeism di Indonesia = Validity and Reliability Test of SPS-6 Questionnaire as an Assessment of Presenteeism Health Components in Indonesia.

Pendahuluan: Konsep presenteeism banyak dikaitkan dengan faktor kesehatan. Presenteeism telah terbukti menyebabkan hilangnya produktivitas mencapai hampir 50% lebih besar dibandingkan dengan yang diakibatkan oleh absenteeism. Saat ini di Indonesia belum ada alat yang dikembangkan untuk menilai presenteeism di kalangan pekerja, khususnya lebih spesifik untuk menilai faktor masalah kesehatan yang dapat berpengaruh pada terjadinya presenteeism. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti melakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner SPS-6 versi Indonesia agar dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu instrumen penilaian komponen kesehatan presenteeism. Metode: Penelitian ini dimulai dengan proses adaptasi lintas budaya yang merujuk pada metode ISPOR, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji validitas dan reliabilitas dengan analisis statistik. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan mengujicobakan kuesioner pada responden yang representatif dengan populasi target, yaitu pekerja kantor atau white collar worker. Total responden yang berpartisipasi berjumlah 112 orang. Uji validitas dilakukan dengan uji validitas butir dan uji validitas faktor. Uji reliabilitas dilakukan dengan metode uji konsistensi internal menggunakan nilai Chronbach’s Alpha. Hasil: Proses adaptasi lintas budaya SPS-6 telah berhasil dilakukan sehingga menjadi SPS-6 versi Indonesia yang valid. Perubahan paling signifikan terjadi pada penjelasan mengenai definisi masalah kesehatan. Pada uji validitas butir dan uji validitas faktor didapatkan masing-masing hasil berkorelasi. Pada uji reliabilitas didapatkan nilai Chronbach’s Alpha dimensi fokus kerja sebesar 0,657 dan dimensi psikologis sebesar 0,646. Kesimpulan: Kuesioner SPS-6 versi Indonesia dinyatakan valid dan reliabel, dan dapat digunakan sebagai instrumen untuk mengidentifikasi komponen kesehatan presenteeism bagi pekerja kantor (white collar worker) di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci : presenteeism, produktivitas kerja, validitas, reliabilitas


Introduction: The concept of presenteeism is mostly associated with health factors. Presenteeism has been proven to cause a loss of productivity reaching nearly 50% greater than that caused by absenteeism. Currently in Indonesia there are no tools developed to assess presenteeism among workers, especially more specifically to assess the factors of health problems that can affect the occurrence of presenteeism. Therefore, this study was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the SPS-6 questionnaire, so that it could be used as an instrument for evaluating the health component of presenteeism. Methods: This study began with a cross-cultural adaptation process that refers to the ISPOR method, and continued with a validity and reliability test with statistical analysis. The statistical test was carried out by testing questionnaires on respondents who represented the target participants, that is office workers or white-collar workers. Total respondents who participated was 112 people. The validity test was done by testing the validity of factors and items, while the reliability test was carried out by internal consistency test using the Chronbach's Alpha value. Results: The cross cultural adaptation process of SPS-6 has been successfully carried out so that it becomes a valid Indonesian version of SPS-6. The most significant change occurred in the explanation of the health problem definition. In the item validity test and factor validity test each of the results obtained correlated. In the reliability test the value of Chronbach’s Alpha work focus dimension was 0.657 and psychological dimension was 0.646. Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the SPS-6 questionnaire was valid and reliable, and could be used as an instrument to identify the health component of presenteeism for office workers (white collar workers) in Indonesia.
Keywords: presenteeism, work productivity, reliability, validity