Skripsi

Efek Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Acalypha indica dan Centella asiatica pada Gambaran Histopatologi Neuron Korteks Serebrum Tikus Pascahipoksia Sistemik dengan Pewarnaan HE = Effect of Combination of Acalypha indica and Centella asiatica on Histopathological Analysis of Rat's Cerebral Cortex Post Systemic Hypoxia with HE staining.

Otak merupakan salah satu organ yang rentan hipoksia. Hipoksia menyebabkan kerusakan neuron terutama pada neuron piramid korteks serebrum. Hingga saat ini belum ada agen neuroproteksi yang direkomendasikan untuk kejadian stroke iskemik sehingga potensi terapi adjuvan sangatlah perlu diteliti. Ekstrak etanol Acalypha indica (AI) dan Centella asiatica (CA) telah banyak diketahui mampu mencegah kerusakan sel akibat hipoksia melalui aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan neuroproteksi kedua herbal berdasarkan gambaran histopatologi neuron korteks serebrum. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 tikus jantan Spraque-Dawley yang diinduksi hipoksia selama 7 hari dan dilanjutkan dengan pemberian sediaan uji. Pemberian kombinasi AI dan CA menggunakan 2 dosis berbeda yaitu AI 200 mg/kgBB + CA 150 mg/kgBB dan AI 250 mg/kgBB + CA 100 mg/kgBB. Pemberian tunggal CA diberikan dengan dosis 100 mg/kgBB. Kemudian jaringan otak diperiksa histopatologi dengan menghitung rerata persentase sel normalnya. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan hasil distribusi data normal. Terdapat peningkatan rerata persentase sel neuron normal dibanding kontrol negatif dengan urutan peningkatan terbanyak sebagai berikut: hipoksia+kombinasi 2 (15,43%), hipoksia+kombinasi 1 (11,46%) dan hipoksia+tunggal 2 (3,3%). Hasil uji one way ANOVA tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna pada rerata persentase sel normal antar kelompok (p=0,575). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi AI dan CA memiliki kecenderungan memperbaiki kerusakan sel neuron pascahipoksia. Kurangnya spesifisitas uji pada pewarnaan HE dalam memvisualisasikan sel neuron menjadi limitasi pada penelitian ini.
Kata kunci: Acalypha indica, Centella asiatica, hipoksia, histopatologi, serebrum


The Brain is an organ that is vulnerable to hypoxia. Hypoxia induces neuronal cell death and one of these cells is the pyramidal neuron of the cerebral cortex. Until now, there are no neuroprotective agents that are recommended for ischemic stroke. Among all potential therapies, Acalypha indica (AI) and Centella asiatica (CA), are examples of promising herbs for preventing cell damage from hypoxia through their antioxidant activity. This paper would show the neuroprotective capabilities of AI and CA by examining their histopathological features. Thirty hypoxia-induced male Spraque-Dawley rats were given treatment that contain the combination of AI and CA with 2 different doses (AI 200 mg/kgBW + CA 150 mg/kgBW and AI 250 mg/kgBW + CA 100 mg/kgBW) and also a single CA 100 mg/kgBW. Through the histopathological examination, percentages of the normal cells were counted and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was performed and the data distribution result was normal. The quantitative results depict an increase in the percentage of normal neuron cells in all of the exposed groups compared to the negative control group: combination 2 (15,43%), combination 1 (11,46%) and single CA (3,3%), respectively. One way ANOVA was conducted and the results did not show a statistically significant difference between all of the groups (p=0.575). The conclusion is that combination of AI and CA treatment have a trend toward restoring the neuron damage. Low specificity of HE staining in visualizing neuron cell become the limitation of this research.
Keywords: Acalypha indica, Centella asiatica, hypoxia, histopathological study, cerebrum