Skripsi

Hubungan Screen Time dengan Gejala Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas (GPPH) pada Anak di SD Negeri Beji 1 Depok = Association Between Screen Time and Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder’s Symptom in Children at SD Negeri Beji 1 Depok.

Tingginya screen time anak telah meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai dampak negatif dari screen time. Beberapa penelitian mengasosiasikan gejala gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) dengan screen time berlebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara screen time dengan gejala GPPH pada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dan kuesioner Skala Penilaian Perilaku Anak Hiperaktivitas Indonesia (SPPAHI) yang diisi oleh orang tua dengan latar belakang pendidikan minimal SMP atau sederajat. Kuesioner disebarkan ke seluruh murid SD Negeri Beji 1 Depok dan didapatkan total 227 data, data yang ada lalu dipilih secara acak dan didapatkan 95 data untuk dianalisis. Hasil analisis Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara screen time dengan gejala GPPH pada anak (p = 0,035). Anak dengan screen time berlebih memiliki peluang mengalami GPPH 3,1 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak dengan screen time tidak berlebih (IK 95% = 1,051 – 9,174). Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pembatasan screen time untuk menurunkan peluang terjadinya GPPH pada anak.
Kata kunci: screen time, gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH), anak, sekolah dasar, skala penilaian perilaku anak hiperaktivitas Indonesia (SPPAHI)


High level of screen time among children has raised public awareness about its negative impact. Some studies associate attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with excessive amount of screen time. The objective of this research is to analyze the association between screen time and ADHD symptoms in children. A cross sectional study was used for this research along with SPPAHI questionnaire, which was filled by parents with a minimum educational background of junior high school. The questionnaire was distributed to all students of SD Negeri Beji 1 Depok and a total of 227 data were collected, 95 data were selected randomly and used as sample for data analysis. These data were analyzed using Chi-square test and showed a significant relationship between screen time and ADHD symptoms in children (p = 0.035). Children with excessive amount of screen time are 3.1 times more likely to develop ADHD than children who do not have excessive amount of screen time (95% CI = 1.051 – 9.174). Therefore, screen time limitation is needed to reduce the odds of developing ADHD in children.
Keywords: screen time, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), children, primary school, skala penilaian perilaku anak hiperaktivitas Indonesia (SPPAHI)