Tesis

Profil Pasien Anak dengan Limfadenopati Servikal di Klinik Rawat Jalan RSCM Kiara, Jakarta = Profile Children with Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Outpatient Clinic RSCM Kiara, Jakarta.

Latar belakang: Limfadenopati servikal merupakan pembesaran kelenjar getah bening dengan ukuran >1 cm di regio servikalis. Etiologi bervariasi di berbagai negara, di negara maju 70% merupakan kasus limfadenitis reaktif, sedangkan di negara berkembang 56,67% merupakan infeksi tuberkulosis. Belum ada penelitian tentang ini di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui profil kejadian limfadenopati servikal pada anak di Klinik Rawat Jalan RSCM Kiara, Jakarta. Metode: Desain potong lintang deskriptif pada 6126 subyek usia 1 bulan – 18 tahun, didapatkan 93 subyek yang mengalami limfadenopati servikal. Subyek kemudian dianamnesis dan diikuti proses diagnosisnya. Hasil: Prevalens limfadenopati servikal di Klinik Rawat Jalan RSCM Kiara adalah 1,5%. Dari 93 subyek, 70% limfadenopati servikal bukan sebagai keluhan utama. Gejala konstitusional tersering adalah demam (43%), malaise (37,6%) dan penurunan berat badan (36,5%). Sebagian besar limfadenopati berukuran 1,1-2 cm, berjumlah jamak, lokasi tersering di anterior, 25,8% teraba berkonglomerasi dan terfiksasi, nyeri tekan hanya 2,1%. Diagnosis medis terbanyak adalah infeksi tuberkulosis (35,5%), penyakit keganasan (20,5%) dan hanya 2,1% yang merupakan kasus limfadenitis servikal akut. Biopsi dilakukan pada 28 subyek (FNAB/biopsi jaringan), 35,7% merupakan infeksi tuberkulosis, 25% kasus keganasan dan 14,2% merupakan radang kronik non-spesifik. Kesimpulan: Prevalens limfadenopati servikal pada anak sebesar 1,5% dengan diagnosis medis dan hasil biopsi terbanyak adalah kasus infeksi tuberkulosis.
Kata kunci: prevalens; limfadenopati servikal; anak.


Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is an enlargement of lymph node > 1cm in the cervical region. Etiology diverse in various nations, in developed countries 70% cases are reactive lymphadenitis, whereas in developing countries 56.67% are tuberculosis infections. No studies in Indonesia about this topic. Aim: To know the profile of cervical lymphadenopathy in children in Outpatient Clinic, RSCM Kiara, Jakarta. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional design on 6126 subjects aged 1 month –18 years, found 93 subjects experiencing cervical lymphadenopathy. These subjects underwent interviews and the diagnosis process was observed. Result: Prevalence of cervical lymphadenopathy in the Outpatient Clinic, RSCM Kiara is 1.5%. From 93 subject, 70% did not come with cervical lymphadenopathy as the main complaint. The most often constitutional symptoms are fever (43%), malaise (37.6%) and weight loss (36.5%). Most of the lymphadenopathy are 1.1-2 cm in size, multiple ones, most often in anterior, 25.8% felt to be conglomerated and fixed, only 2.1% are tenderness. Most common medical diagnoses were tuberculosis infections (35.5%), malignant diseases (20.5%) and only 2.1% are acute cervical lymphadenitis. Biopsy was done to 28 subject (FNAB/open biopsy) 35,7% are tuberculosis infections, 25% are malignancies and 14,2% are non-specific chronic inflammation. Conclusion: Prevalence of cervical lymphadenopathy in children is 1,5% and the most often medical diagnose and biopsy profile are tuberculous infection.
Key words: prevalence; cervical lymphadenopathy; children.