Skripsi

Pengaruh Penyuluhan Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Merokok pada Pegawai Administrasi Universitas Indonesia Tahun 2016 = Education Effect on Smoking-Related Knowledge and Attitude among Administration Staff in University of Indonesia on 2016.

Indonesia menduduki peringkat lima negara dengan konsumsi rokok terbanyak. Prevalensi merokok yang tinggi ditemukan pada golongan pekerjaan pegawai dan usia kerja. Sebanyak 81,3% perokok mengetahui dampak buruk merokok, namun aktivitas merokok tetap naik setiap tahun. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai lebih dalam mengenai pengetahuan dan sikap merokok melalui metode penyuluhan terhadap masyarakat dari golongan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan secara pre-eksperimental untuk menilai pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap pegawai administrasi UI yang merokok aktif selama setahun terakhir. Subjek dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling (n=25) dari pemeriksaan kesehatan. Pengetahuan dan sikap responden dinilai dengan pre-test post-test menggunakan kuesioner tervalidasi yang disusun sendiri. Subjek yang datang penyuluhan (n=17) mengikuti seluruh tahapan dari awal hingga akhir. Rerata nilai pengetahuan meningkat signifikan dengan nilai pre-test sebesar 18,4118 (±4,71777) dan post-test 27,0 (±6,66146) menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, p kurang dari 0,001. Rerata nilai sikap juga meningkat signifikan dengan nilai pre-test sebesar 80,1765 (±9,49497) dan post-test 84,647 (±7,47447) menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, p=0,044. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografis dengan peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap responden. Penyuluhan dapat meningkatkan nilai sikap dan pengetahuan secara signifikan. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan secara berkala dapat memberikan asistensi dan dukungan baik bagi perokok agar bisa berhenti serta menjadi sarana untuk pengukuran unsur perilaku yang belum dapat diukur dalam penelitian ini.

Kata kunci: merokok, tembakau, perokok, penyuluhan, sikap, pengetahuan, pegawai administrasi, Universitas Indonesia




Indonesia is amongst the five countries with the highest consumption of tobacco. High smoking prevalence was found in the employee occupation group and working-age group. 81.3% of smokers already know the negative effects of smoking, but the number of smokers still increases every year. Therefore, this research is designed to thoroughly assess the knowledge and attitude of smokers amongst the group mentioned above. This pre-experimental designed research is conducted to assess the effect of education on the knowledge and attitude of administration staff in UI who have been actively smoking over the past one year. The subjects were chosen by purposive sampling methods (n=25) from a health screening before the education was conducted. The knowledge and attitude of the subjects were scored using a validated questionnaire developed for this research. Subjects who attended the education session (n=17) participated from beginning to end. The mean of the knowledge score increased significantly after education with a pre-test score of 18.4118 (±4.71777) and a post-test score of 27.0 (±6.66146), using the Wilcoxon test; p less than 0.001. The mean of the attitude score also increased significantly with a pre-test score of 80.1765 (±9.49497) and a post-test score of 84.647 (±7.47447), using the Wilcoxon test; p=0.044. No correlation was found between sociodemographic factors and the increase in knowledge and attitude among the subjects. Education significantly increases knowledge and attitude of smokers. Therefore, frequent and holistic education can provide good support and assistance for smokers wishing to quit. It can also provide a chance to measure behavior aspects that were not included in this research.

Keywords: smoking, tobacco, smoker, education, knowledge, attitude, administration staff, University of Indonesia