Skripsi

Aktivitas Antiviral Fraksi n-Heksana Ekstrak Daun Cosmos caudatus terhadap Virus dengue serotipe 2 in vitro = Antiviral activity of n-hexane fraction of Cosmos caudatus leaf extract against Dengue Virus Serotype-2 in vitro.

Angka insidensi demam dengue di dunia masih tinggi, terutama di Asia, khusunya Indonesia. Angka insidensi demam dengue di Indonesia cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya dengan angka insidensi pada tahun 2014 yaitu 83,34/100.000 penduduk. Sampai saat ini belum terdapat obat antiviral terhadap DENV sehingga penanganan demam dengue hanya sebatas terapi suportif. Dengan adanya agen antiviral, akan menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas dari demam dengue. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental yang menggunakan DENV serotipe 2 strain New Guinea C dan sel Huh7it-1 untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiviral fraksi n-heksana ekstrak daun kenikir (Cosmo caudatus) terhadap DENV-2. Dilakukan uji viabilitas sel Huh7it-1 dengan metode MTT assay untuk mengetahui tingkat toksisitas ekstrak. Dari uji ini didapatkan nilai half-cytotoxic concentration (CC50 ). Halfinhibitory concentration (IC50 ) merupakan kemampuan ekstrak untuk menghambat replikasi DENV yang didapat melalui focus assay. Aktivitas antiviral digambarkan melalu nilai indeks selektivitas (SI) yang merupakan hasil perbandingan CC50 dengan IC50 . Nilai CC, dan SI dari fraksi n-heksana daun Cosmos caudatus sebesar 33,247 µg/ml, 1,497 µg/ml, dan 22,209 secara berurutan. Sehingga, fraksi n-heksana ekstrak daun C. caudatus memiliki aktivitas antiviral yang cukup baik terhadap DENV-2 secara in vitro.
Kata kunci: DENV, Cosmos caudatus, n-heksana, half-cytotoxic concentration (CC50 ), halfinhibitory concentration (IC50 ), indeks selektivitas


Dengue fever incidence rate in the world is still high, with the highest number in Asia, especially Indonesia. Dengue fever incidence rate in Indonesia tends to increase year by year. Even in 2014, the incidence rate reached 83,34/100.000 population. Until now, there is still no availabe antiviral agents againts DENV. Therefore, DENV treatment is only limited to supportive therapy. It has been concluded that the presence of antiviral agents will decrease morbidity and mortality rate of dengue fever. This is an experimental study which used DENV 2 New Guinea Strain C and Huh7it-1 cell to find out antiviral activity of n-hexane fraction of Cosmos caudatus against DENV-2. Toxicity level of the extract was obtained from viability test of Huh7it-1 with MTT assay method. From this test, we obtained the half-cytotoxic concentration (CC50 ). The ability of the extract to inhibit DENV replication is depicted from half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) which was performed with focus assay method. Antiviral activity is depicted from the value of selectivity index (SI) which is a ratio between CC50 and IC50 . The value of CC50 , IC50 , and SI are 33,247 µg/ml, 1,497 µg/ml, and 22,209, respectively. N-hexane fraction of C. caudatus leaf extract showed satisfactory antiviral activity against DENV-2 in vitro.
Keywords: DENV, Cosmos caudatus, n-hexane, half-cytotoxic concentration (CC50 ), halfinhibitory concentration (IC50 ), selectivity index