Skripsi

Dampak Pengobatan Albendazol Triple dose terhadap Anemia pada Anak Cacingan di Desa Perobatang, Sumba Barat Daya = The Effect of Albendazole Triple Dose Chemotherapy towards Anemia in Children with STH Infection in Perobatang Village, Southwest Sumba.

Infeksi soil transmitted helminths (STH) menyerap nutrisi hospes sehingga dapat mengakibatkan gangguan gizi dan anemia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dampak pengobatan albendazol 400 mg selama tiga hari berturut-turut terhadap prevalensi anemia pada anak yang terinfeksi STH di Desa Perobatang, Sumba Barat Daya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre and poststudy dan data diambil pada bulan Juli 2016 dan bulan Januari 2017. Semua anak yang berusia 1–15 tahun dijadikan subjek penelitian kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan feses dengan metode kato katz dan pemeriksaan Hb menggunakan rapid test diagnostic strip. Selanjutnya subjek diberikan albendazol 400 mg selama tiga hari berturut-turut yang diminum di depan peneliti. Enam bulan setelah pretest dilakukan pemeriksaan ulang feses dan Hb (post test) untuk mengetahui apakah terjadi penurunan prevalensi STH dan peningkatan Hb. Dari 156 subjek yang diperiksa, prevalensi A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura dan cacing tambang adalah 65,4%; 55,8%; 14,7%, prevalensi anemia 71,2%. Setelah diberikan albendazol triple dose, pevalensi A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura dan cacing tambang menurun menjadi 32,1%; 51,3%, dan 0%, prevalensi anemia turun menjadi 25%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada prevalensi STH dan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian albendazol triple dose (Mc Nemar, p=0,001). Disimpulkan albendazol triple dose efektif menurunkan STH dan menurunkan anemia.
Kata kunci: albendazol, triple dose, soil-transmitted helminths, anemia


Soil transmitted helminths (STH) infections absorb hosts’s nutrients and lead into nutritional disorder and anemia. The aim of the study was to determine the treatment effect of albendazole 400mg for three consecutive days on the prevalence of anemia in STH infected children in Perobatang Village, Southwest Sumba. Pre and post study design was used in this study and data was taken in July 2016 and January 2017. Children aged 1-15 years were subjected to this study, fecal samples were examined using kato katz method, and Hb tested using rapid test diagnostic strip. Subsequently, subjects were given 400mg albendazole for three consecutive days and witnessed by the researchers. Six months following the pretest, re-examination of the stool and Hb (post-test) was done to determine whether there is a decrease in STH prevalence and an increase of Hb. From the 156 subjects examined, the prevalence of A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworm were consecutively 65.4%, 55.8%, 14,7%, and the prevalence of anemia was 71,2%. After a triple dose of albendazole administration, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworm decreased to 32.1%, 51.3%, and 0%, and the prevalence of anemia decreased to 25%. There was a significant difference in STH prevalence before and after the administration of triple dose albendazole (Mc Nemar, p = 0.001). As a conclusion, triple dose of albendazole is effective in reducing STH infection and anemia.
Key Words: albendazole, triple dose, soil-transmitted helminths, anemia