Tesis

Hubungan Status Nutrisi Maternal Terhadap Risiko Kardiovaskular pada Bayi Baru Lahir : Perhatian Khusus pada Ketebalan Tunika Intima-media Aorta Abdominalis = Correlation between maternal nutritional status and cardiovascular risks in the newborn: particularly aortic intima-media thickness.

Latar belakang: Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar di dunia. Aterogenesis merupakan tanda awal terjadinya gangguan kardiovaskular yang dapat dinilai sejak masa neonatus. Deteksi dini aterogenesis diperlukan untuk mencari faktor risiko gangguan kardiovaskular pada neonatus. Tujuan: (1) mengetahui sebaran nilai ketebalan tunika-intima aorta abdominalis (aIMT) pada bayi baru lahir (2) mengetahui hubungan antara status nutrisi maternal dan berat lahir bayi terhadap aIMT bayi baru lahir Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada 86 bayi baru lahir usia 0-7 hari dengan rerata usia gestasi 35 minggu yang dirawat di Unit Perinatologi RSCM. Seluruh subyek diukur nilai aIMT menggunakan ultrasonografi vaskular bertransduser linear 13 MHz dengan piranti lunak automatis sebanyak 2-3 kali pengukuran dan diambil nilai reratanya. Rerata aIMT kemudian dihubungkan dengan indeks massa tubuh ibu trimester pertama kehamilan dan berat lahir bayi. Hasil: Rerata aIMT bayi baru lahir yang dirawat di divisi perinatologi RSCM adalah 0,621 mm ± 0,110 mm. Tidak ditemukan korelasi bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh ibu di trimester pertama kehamilan dengan aIMT bayi (r = 0,137, p = 0,207). Tidak ditemukan korelasi bermakna antara berat lahir bayi dengan aIMT bayi (r = 0,036, p = 0,742). Simpulan: Rerata aIMT bayi baru lahir di Unit Perinatologi RSCM adalah 0,621 mm ± 0,110 mm. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara indeks massa tubuh ibu maupun berat lahir bayi terhadap ketebalan tunika intima-media aorta abdominalis bayi baru lahir. Deteksi dini risiko gangguan kardiovaskular pada bayi baru lahir melalui pengukuran aIMT belum perlu dilakukan di praktik sehari-hari.
Kata kunci: nutrisi maternal, risiko kardiovaskular, ketebalan tunika intimamedia aorta


Background: Cardiovascular disease was the leadest mortality cause in the world nowadays. Atherogenesis is the initial mark of cardiovascular change that could be seen since newborn. Early detection of atherogenesis needed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors in newborns. Aim: (1) knowing aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) value in newborn population; (2) evaluate the correlation between maternal nutritional status and birth weight to newborn aIMT Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in 86 newborns, aged 0-7 days, with median gestational age of 35 weeks. All aIMT subjects were measured using a 13 MHz-linear transducer vascular ultrasound with automatic measurement software, furthermore mean of their aIMT values were obtained from 2-3 times measurement each. Mean aIMT was then correlated with first trimester maternal body mass index and birth weight. Results: Newborn mean aIMT in Perinatology division Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital was 0,621 mm (SD 0,110 mm). There was no significant correlation between first trimester maternal body mass index and newborns aIMT (r = 0,137, p = 0,207). Also, there was no significant correlation between birth weight and newborns aIMT (r = 0,036, p = 0,742). Conclusions: Newborn mean aIMT in Perinatology division Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital was 0,621 mm (SD 0,110 mm). There were no correlation between first trimester maternal body mass index and birth weight to newborns aIMT. Early detection of cardiovascular risks in newborns through aIMT measurement were not recommended for daily use yet.
Keywords: Maternal nutrition, cardiovascular risks, aortic intima-media thickness