Tesis

Pengaruh model environmental enrichment yang dikombinasi dengan latihan fisik aerobik terhadap fungsi memori spasial: kajian ekspresi Synaptophysin, Subunit GluR1 AMPAR, dan Postsynaptic density-95 = The Effects Environmental Enrichment Model combined with Aerobic Physical Exercise on Spatial Memory Function: Study on The Expression of Synaptophysin, AMPAR GluR1 Subunit, and Postsynaptic Density-95.

Paparan environmental enrichment (EE) memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap fungsi otak, salah satunya memperbaiki fungsi kognisi melalui peningkatan neuroplastisitas. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh model EE, latihan fisik aerobik, dan kombinasi model EE disertai latihan fisik aerobik, terhadap fungsi memori spasial dan neuroplastisitas pada tikus wistar jantan usia enam bulan yang diberikan perlakuan selama enam minggu. Fungsi memori spasial diuji menggunakan perangkat water-e maze dengan parameter waktu tempuh dan jumlah kesalahan. Neuroplastisitas dilihat dengan membandingkan ekspresi Synaptophysin (SYP), subunit GluR1 AMPAR, dan Postsynaptic density- 95 jaringan hipokampus antar kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan waktu tempuh dan jumlah kesalahan antar kelompok perlakuan. Model EE lebih cepat dalam meningkatkan ekspresi protein SYP, subunit GluR1 AMPAR, dan PSD-95 dibandingkan latihan fisik aerobik. Ekspresi protein SYP, subunit GluR1 AMPAR, dan PSD-95 pada model EE tidak berbeda dengan pada kombinasi model EE disertai aktivitas fisik aerobik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa model EE lebih baik dalam meningkatkan neuroplastisitas dibandingkan aktivitas fisik aerobik dan dibandingkan model EE, kombinasi EE disertai latihan fisik aerobik tidak lebih baik dalam meningkatkan neuroplastisitas.
Kata kunci : Environmental enrichment, latihan fisik aerobik, Synaptophysin, AMPAR, PSD95, pembelajaran dan memori


Exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) has a positive effects on brain function, including improved cognition through increased neuroplasticity. This study aimed to directly differentiate between the effects of enriched environment (EE), aerobic exercise (A), and the combination of enrichment and aerobic exercise (EEA) on spatial memory and neuroplasticity. A six-week in vivo experimental study on twenty 6-month old male Wistar rats were housed under isolation, aerobic exercise, enrichment, and enrichment plus aerobic exercise. Spatial memory was tested by using water-E maze (WEM) in terms of time travelled and total errors. Neuroplasticity was seen by comparing the expression of synaptophysin, AMPAR GluR1 subunit, and PSD-95. The results showed no differences in time travelled and errors for all groups. Enriched group is faster in improving the expression of the SYP, AMPAR GluR1 subunit, and PSD-95 than aerobic group. The expression of SYP, AMPAR GluR1subunit, and PSD-95 on enriched group are no different from the combination group. These results suggest that the EE model is better at improving neuroplasticity than aerobic exercise and compared to EE models, the combination of EE with aerobic exercise is no better in improving neuroplasticity.
Keywords : Aerobic exercise, environmental enrichment, synaptophysin, AMPAR, PSD-95, spatial memory