Skripsi

Sitotoksisitas Senyawa Turunan Asam Galat terhadap Sel Kanker Kolorektal HCT 116 = Cytotoxicity of Gallic Acid Derivatives to Colorectal Cancer Cells HCT 116.

Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu jenis kanker dengan tingkat prevalensi tinggi. International Agency for Research Center (IARC) World Health Organization (WHO) pada GLOBOCAN tahun 2012 mengestimasi terdapat 1.360.602 kasus baru di dunia, dengan mortalitas sebesar 693.933 kasus. Terapi saat ini berupa tindak bedah, radioterapi dan kemoterapi masih memiliki kelemahan yaitu kekambuhan, metastasis, resistensi, serta beberapa efek samping, sehingga diperlukan penelitian alternatif pengobatan baru. Asam galat telah dikenal memiliki sifat sitotoksik terhadap berbagai sel kanker meskipun belum optimal. Perubahan struktur asam galat diketahui dapat merubah beberapa sifat fisiko kimia sehingga diharapkan dapet meningkatkan sifat sitotoksiknya terhadap kanker kolorektal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai sitotoksisitas asam galat dan beberapa turunan alkil ester dan alkil eter terhadap sel kanker kolorektal HCT-116 secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan memberikan perlakuan kultur sel HCT-116 dengan asam galat dan turunannya dengan varian konsentrasi 1,6g/mL (ppm) hingga 51,2 g/mL. Viabilitas kemudian dihitung dengan mengukur nilai absorbansi yang selanjutnya dianalisis untuk memperoleh nilai IC Hasil analisis menunjukkan etil galat, salisil galat, propil galat, dialil-galat, amil galat, isoamil galat, sekunder amil galat, dan trans2-heksinil-galat memiliki nilai IC 50. lebih baik dari asam galat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan sitotoksisitas asam galat dibandingkan dengan derivat alkil ester dan alkil eter, dimana modifikasi gugus karboksil secara umum dapat memperbaiki sitotoksisitas derivat asam galat terhadap kultur sel HCT-116 secara pada kondisi in-vitro.
Kata Kunci: Asam Galat, Derivat Asam Galat, Kanker Kolorektal, Sel HCT-116, Sitotoksisitas.


Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancer. International Agency for Research Center (IARC) World Health Organization (WHO) in GLOBOCAN 2012 estimated, globally there are 1.360.602 new cases with mortality happened in 693.933 cases. Current therapy of colorectal cancer are surgical procedure, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy depends on morbidity of the case. Those therapy still have some limitations such as relapse, metastasis, resistance. And some mild to serious side effects. Gallic acid have been known as cytotoxic agent against various of cancer cells although its effects is not yet optimal. Structure modification of gallic acid is known to cause particular changes in its physical and chemical properties that hoped to increase gallic acid cytotoxicity. This study aims to measure the in-vitro cytotoxicity of alkyl ester derivatives and alkyl eter derivatives compared with gallic acid to colorectal cancer cell HCT-116. This study is an experimental study conducted by treating HCT-116 cells culture with gallic acids and its derivatives at various concentration ranged from 1,6 g/mL to 51,2 g/mL. The viability of cells measured was calculated from absorbance measurement then analyzed to find IC values. The results shows etyl gallate, salicyl gallate, propyl gallate, dialyl-gallate, amyl gallate, isoamyl gallate, 1metyl-butyl gallate, and trans-2-hexinyl-gallate have better IC 50 value compared to gallic acid. This results shows that there are difference of cytotoxicity of gallic acid derivatives compared to gallic acid. The modifications of carboxyl groups generally improve cytotoxicity of gallic acids on culture of colorectal cancer cells HCT 116.
Keywords: Colorectal cancer,. Cytotoxicity, Gallic acid, Gallic acid derivatives, HCT-116 Cells