Tesis

Profil Tumor Ginjal di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta 2009-2013 = Renal Tumor Profile in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta 2009-2013.

Latar Belakang Di Indonesia, insiden tumor ginjal menempati urutan ketiga keganasan saluran urogenital pada laki-laki setelah keganasan prostat dan buli. Di RSUP Dr. Sardjito, penelitian mengenai karakteristik pasien tumor ginjal dan tatalaksananya belum memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik demografi, tampilan klinis, laboratorium, staging dan penatalaksanaan yang dilakukan. Metode Sebuah studi prospektif pada subyek 105 pasien yang didiagnosis tumor ginjal antara tahun 2009 sampai 2013. Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 grup berdasarkan usia : (1) anak, dan (2) dewasa. Setelah lolos kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, data dianalisis secara deskriptif analitik menggunakan program SPSS 17. Hasil Selama 5 tahun, ditemukan 105 pasien tumor ginjal, anak 41 orang (41,8%) dan dewasa 57 (58,2%). Rata-rata usia pasien tumor ginjal anak adalah 3,76 ± 2,54 tahun, median 3,5 tahun (1 bulan – 11 tahun), dan rasio laki-laki : perempuan 1,56 : 1. Rata-rata usia pasien tumor ginjal dewasa adalah 49.51±14.08 tahun, median 49 tahun (18 – 74 tahun). Rasio laki-laki : perempuan adalah 1,48 : 1. Tumor paling sering pada anak adalah nefroblastoma 39 kasus (95,1%) dengan keluhan tersering adalah massa (100%). Tumor paling sering pada dewasa adalah RCC, 26 kasus (46,6%), dengan keluhan terbanyak nyeri pinggang 22 kasus (84,6%), keluhan massa 21 kasus (80,8%), hematuria 14 kasus(53,8%). Tanda klinis yang ditemui berupa anemia 18 kasus (69,2%), hipoalbuminemia 16 kasus (61,5%), hipertensi 9 kasus (34,6%). Stadium IV merupakan yang terbanyak 17 kasus (65,4%). Kesimpulan Terjadi penurunan kasus nefroblastoma dan peningkatan kasus RCC di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Mayoritas pasien RCC pada dekade 4-5 dan nefroblastoma pada usia 3 tahun, dengan rasio laki-laki:perempuan masing-masing 1,56:1 dan 1,48:1. Keluhan terbanyak adalah massa dan nyeri pinggang, dan mayoritas pasien datang dalam stadium lanjut. Tatalaksana pasien dilakukan sesuai dengan staging.
Kata kunci : profil, tumor ginjal, nefroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma



Background In Indonesia, the incidence of kidney tumor was in the 3rd rank after prostate and bladder cancer among the urogenital cancer in men. Research regarding the kidney tumor profile in Dr. Sardjito Hospital was scarse. The objective of this study is to describe demographic characteristic, clinical feature, and treatment of kidney tumor in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Methods A prospective study of 105 subjects whom were diagnosed as kidney tumor between year 2009 to 2013. The subjects were cathegorized into two groups according their age: (1) children, and (2) adults. After passing inclusion and exclusion criterias, the data were analysed using SPSS 17.0 Program Results There were 105 cases of kidney tumor found over the past 5 years, 41 children cases (41,8%) and 57 adult cases (58,2%). Mean age of the children was 3,76 ±2,54 years old, median age 3,5 years old (range 1 month – 11 years old), and male:female ratio 1,56:1. Mean age of adults were 49,51±14,08 years old, median age 49 years old (18-74 years old), and male:female ratio 1,48:1. Majority of tumor in children were nephroblastoma about 39 cases (95,1%) with symptoms most profound were abdominal mass (100%). Majority of kidney tumor found in adults were RCC (26 cases [46,6%]), with symptoms flank pain (22 cases [84,6%]), palpable mass (21 cases [80,8%]), hematuria (14 cases [53,8%]). Anemia and hypoalbuminemia were the most in clinical findings (18 cases [69,2%], and 16 cases [61,5%] respectively). Stadium IV were the majority of cases (17 cases [65,4%]). Conclusion The number of nephroblastoma cases were decreased, meanwhile there was an increase in RCC case number in Dr. Sardjito Hospital for the past 5 years. Majority of RCC patients were in decade 5-6, while in nephroblastoma patients, the majority were 3 years old, with the ratio of male:female 1,56:1 and 1,48:1 respectively. The most prevalent symptoms were poalpable mass and flank pain, and majority of patients came to hospital in late stadium. All of the patients were treated according to the stage during the diagnosis.
Keywords : profile, kidney tumor, nephroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma