Skripsi

Kajian Potensi Antivirus Daun Achyranthes aspera terhadap Replikasi Virus Dengue in vitro = Study of Potential Antiviral Effect of Achyranthes aspera Leaf on Dengue Virus Replication in vitro.

Infeksi virus dengue (DENV) masih merupakan masalah di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Diperkirakan sebanyak 2,5 juta jiwa rentan terinfeksi DENV. Telah diupayakan kontrol transmisi DENV namun tidak dapat menekan transmisi penyakit. Terapi definitif dengue belum ada, padahal kadar virus dalam tubuh berhubungan dengan keluaran keparahan penyakit. Oleh sebab itu, penanganan infeksi DENV dititikberatkan pada antiviral dan vaksin. Achyranthes aspera merupakan tanaman obat yang diketahui mengandung alkaloid, sterol, triterpene, flavonoid, dan kumarin. Tanaman ini menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri, antifungsi, antioksidan dan antiviral terhadap Epstein Barr Virus. Penelitian ini akan memperlihatkan efek ekstrak daun Achyranthes aspera terhadap replikasi DENV in vitro dengan mencari IC 50 , dan Selectivity Index (SI). Sel Huh7it-1 diinfeksikan dengan DENV yang telah diberi ekstrak dengan berbagai konsentrasi: 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 µg/ml. Nilai IC 50 didapatkan menggunakan metode Focus Assay, sementara CC 50 dengan uji MTT. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Kruskall-Wallis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan IC 50 ekstrak sebesar 43,29 µg/ml dan CC 50 sel tidak terinfeksi sebesar 239,69 µg/ml. Kemudian didapatkan Indeks Selektivitas sebesar 5,53. Hasil uji kemaknaan menunjukkan semua konsentrasi terdapat perbedaan kecuali konsentrasi 20 dan 10 µg/ml. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak daun Achyranthes aspera menunjukkan efek inhibisi terhadap replikasi DENV dan tidak bersifat toksik terhadap sel pada konsentrasi inhibisi, sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai antiviral dimasa mendatang
Kata Kunci : Achyranthes aspera, uji antiviral in vitro, Huh7it-1, virus dengue (DENV)



Dengue virus (DENV) infection is still a major problem in almost all area of Indonesia. Approximately, 2.5 billion people are vulnerable to be infected. The efforts to control DENV transmission had been done but they are not enough. The amount of virus infecting the body has a positive correlation with the severity of the disease yet definitive therapy has not yet been found. Thus, treatments developed for dengue are mainly focusing on antivirals and vaccines. Achyranthes aspera is a medicinal plant which contains alkaloid, sterol, triterpene, flavonoid, and coumarine. Previous studies show that the plant has antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant activities as well as antiviral to Epstein Barr Virus. This research was conducted to evaluate the antiviral potency of Achyranthes aspera through IC 50 , CC 50 , and Selectivity Index (SI). Huh7it-1 cells were infected with DENV which had been mixed with extracts in various concentration: 10,20,40,80,160,320 µg/ml. IC 50 was determined by Focus Assay while MTT test was used to determine CC 50 . Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed the IC 50 and CC 50 of the extract were 43.29 µg/ml and 239.69 µg/ml respectively and Selectivity Index 5.53. There was a significant difference (p