Tesis

Korelasi asupan lemak total dan rasio asupan asam lemak omega-6 terhadap omega-3 dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus maternal pada kehamilan trimester ketiga = Correlation between total dietary fat and omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio with maternal fecal Bifidobacterium in third trimester of pregnancy.

Bifidobacterium usus maternal merupakan faktor penting yang mempengaruhi kolonisasi Bifidobacterium pada usus neonatus. Kolonisasai bakteri tersebut penting pada neonatus karena dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan dan sistem imunnya di masa yang akan datang, dengan demikian faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi jumlah Bifidobacterium usus maternal penting untuk diketahui. Berbagai penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa diet tinggi lemak dapat mempengaruhi jumlah Bifidobacterium usus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara asupan lemak total dan rasio asupan asam lemak omega-6 terhadap omega-3 dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus maternal pada kehamilan trimester ketiga. Lima puluh dua ibu hamil (33-37 minggu) pada 10 puskesmas kecamatan Jakarta Timur ikut serta pada penelitian potong lintang ini. Asupan lemak total dan rasio asupan asam lemak secara berurutan dinilai dengan metode 2-day repeated 24 hours food recall dan SQFFQ. Jumlah Bifidobacterium usus dianalisa menggunakan quantitative real-time PCR. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif lemah antara asupan lemak total dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus maternal pada kehamilan trimester ketiga. Namun belum dapat membuktikan adanya korelasi yang bermakna antara rasio asupan asam lemak omega-6 terhadap omega-3 dengan jumlah Bifidobacterium usus maternal pada kehamilan trimester ketiga.
Kata kunci: Asupan lemak, asam lemak omega-6, asam lemak omega-3, Bifidobacterium



Bifidobacterium colonization in neonates is crucial because it has a large effect on their health and immunity in the future, thus factors that influenced the maternal gut Bifidobacterium became important to known because maternal gut Bifidobacterium is the most important factor to determined the initial colonization. Dietary intervention studies have shown that high fat diet can dramatically changed the nurmbers of gut Bifidobacterium. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between total dietary fat intake and the ratio of essential fatty acids with the numbers of maternal gut Bifidobacterium on third trimester of pregnancy. Fifty two pregnant women (33–37 weeks) from 10 district primary health care in East Jakarta were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Dietary fat intake and the ratio of essential fatty acids was assesed with 2day repeated 24 hours food recall and SQFFQ, respectively. Maternal gut Bifidobacterium was analysed by quantitative real-time PCR. This present study have shown that total dietary fat intake have a weak positive correlation with maternal gut Bifidobacterium in third trimester of pregnancy. Hormonal and immunological changes in pregnancy is the possible explanation to this phenomenon. This study have not been able to prove a correlation between omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio with maternal gut Bifidobacterium.
Keywords: Dietary fat intake, omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio, Bifidobacterium