Tesis

Gangguan respirasi dan faal paru pada pemulung di Bantargebang, Bekasi = Respiratory disorders and lung function impairments of the scavengers in Bantargebang, Bekasi.

Latar Belakang : Para pekerja di lingkungan tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) mempunyai risiko tinggi terhadap gangguan kesehatan. Prevalens gangguan pernapasan dan fungsi paru meningkat pada pekerja pengumpul sampah. Belum terdapat data mengenai gangguan respirasi dan fungsi paru pada pemulung, khususnya di daerah Bantar Gebang, Bekasi. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Dilakukan pada pemulung yang bekerja dan tinggal di kelurahan Ciketing Udik, TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi pada bulan Januari - Maret 2014 dengan pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan spirometri, foto toraks dan CO udara ekshalasi. Hasil : Jumlah sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi 108 subjek. Gangguan respirasi sebanyak 92 subjek (85,2%). Gangguan respirasi yang dikeluhkan meliputi batuk kronik 73 subjek, sesak napas 65 subjek, berdahak 57 dan mengi 19 subjek. Gangguan fungsi paru sebanyak 18 (16,7%) subjek berupa obstruksi ringan 3 (2,8%) subjek, restriksi ringan 11 (10,2%) subjek dan campuran 4 (2,8%) subjek. Kelainan foto toraks ditemukan 16 subjek (14,8%). Kadar CO udara ekspirasi berada pada 5-10 ppm sebanyak 46 (42,6%) subjek. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara masa kerja dengan gangguan respirasi dan fungsi paru. Kesimpulan : Terdapat gangguan respirasi dan fungsi paru pada pemulung di Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.
Kata kunci : pemulung, gangguan respirasi, fungsi paru.


Background: The workers in the landfill have high risk of health problems. The prevalence of respiratory disorders and lung function increases in waste collection workers. There has been no data on respiratory disorders and lung function in scavengers, especially in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to the scavengers who work and live in Ciketing Udik, Bantargebang, Bekasi. Conducted in January-March 2014, doing interview with questionnaires, spirometry examination, chest X-ray and CO exhalation. Results: The number of samples that suitable with the inclusion criteria are 108 subjects. Respiratory disorders are 92 subjects (85.2%). The respiratory disorders consist of 73 subjects with chronic cough, 65 subjects due to shortness of breath, 57 with phlegm and 19 wheezing. Lung function impairments consist of 18 (16.7%) subjects in the form of mild obstruction 3 (2.8%) subjects, mild restriction 11 (10.2%) subjects and mixed 4 (2.8%) subjects. Chest radiographic abnormalities found in 16 subjects (14.8%). Expiratory CO levels at 5-10 ppm are 46 (42.6%) subjects. Results of the analysis show that there is a significant relationship between duration of working with respiratory disorders and lung function impairments. Conclusion: There is respiratory disorders and lung function impairments of the scavengers in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.
Key words: scavengers, respiratory disorders, lung function.