Tesis

Karakteristik bayi prematur yang mengalami anemia dan transfusi PRC sebelum usia kronologis 4 minggu di Unit Perinatologi Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta = Characterist ic of premature infants with anemia and PRC transfusion before 4 weeks chronological age in Perinatology unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang. Indonesia merupakan salah satu dari 11 negara di dunia yang
memiliki angka kelahiran prematur terbanyak. Salah satu morbiditas bayi
prematur yang umum dijumpai adalah anemia. Hal ini menyebabkan mereka
sering mendapatkan transfusi darah di minggu-minggu pertama kehidupannya.
Mencegah anemia akan mengurangi kemungkinan tranfusi dan risiko
komplikasinya.
Tujuan. Mengetahui karakteristik bayi prematur yang mengalami anemia dan
transfusi PRC sebelum usia kronologis 4 minggu di Unit Perinatologi Departemen
Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM Jakarta
Metode. Studi potong lintang terhadap rekam medis semua bayi baru lahir
prematur yang menjalani perawatan di Unit Perinatologi RSCM periode 1 Januari
2012 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2013. Pemilihan subyek penelitian secara
simple random sampling. Penilaian karakteristik bayi prematur meliputi kadar Hb,
berat lahir, usia gestasi, status transfusi PRC, status sepsis, lama rawat dan status
keluar.
Hasil. Sebanyak 393 subjek memenuhi kriteria penelitian, terdapat 94 (23,9%)
kasus baru anemia dan 123 (31,3%) kasus baru transfusi PRC. Frekuensi tersering
seorang subjek mengalami anemia adalah 4 kali sedangkan frekuensi tersering
pemberian PRC adalah 7 kali. Usia pertama kali anemia dan transfusi PRC paling
banyak ditemukan pada usia ≤7 hari. Perbedaan proporsi anemia secara statistik
bermakna pada variabel jenis kelamin, usia gestasi, berat lahir, status transfusi
PRC, status sepsis, lama rawat, dan status keluar. Sedangkan perbedaan proporsi
kejadian transfusi PRC secara statistik bermakna pada variabel usia gestasi, berat
lahir, status sepsis, lama rawat, dan status keluar.
Simpulan. Insidens bayi prematur yang mengalami anemia adalah 23,9%
sedangkan insidens transfusi PRC adalah 31,3%. Kejadian anemia dan transfusi
PRC paling banyak dialami pada usia satu minggu pertama kehidupan. Perbedaan
proporsi anemia dan kejadian transfusi PRC memiliki hasil yang sama-sama
bermakna pada variabel usia gestasi, berat lahir, status sepsis, lama rawat, dan
status keluar.

Background. Indonesia is one of 11 countries with high number of premature
birth rate. One of the morbidity commonly seen ini premature infants is anemia
This cause frequent blood transfusion on their first weeks of life. Anemia
prevention will reduce transfusion and its complication.
Objectives. To study characteristics of premature infants with anemia and PRC
transfusion before 4 weeks chronological age in Perinatology Unit Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta
Methods. A cross-sectional study of medical records of newborn premature
infants hospitalized in perinatology unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta
from January 1st 2012 until Desember 31st 2013. Subjects was selected by simple
random sampling. Characteristics evaluation include Hb concentration, birth
weight, gestational age, PRC transfusion status, sepsis status, length of stay, and
discharge status.
Results. There were 393 subjects included, with 94 (23,9%) new cases of anemia
and 123 (31,3%) new cases of PRC transfusion.. The most frequent anemia
episode is 4 times while PRC transfusion is 7 times. First episode of anemia and
PRC transfusion were most ly found at age ≤7 days. Statistically significant
difference in proportion of anemia was shown in variables gender, gestational
age, birth weight, PRC transfusion status, sepsis status, length of stay, and
discharge status. While difference in proportion of PRC transfusion was
statistically significant in variables gestational age, birth weight, PRC transfusion,
septic status, length of stay, and discharge status.
Conclusions. Incidence of anemia in premature infants was 23,9% while
incidence of PRC transfusion was 31,3%. First episode of anemia and PRC
transfusion were mostly found at the first week of life. Difference in proportion of
anemia and PRC transfusion have similar significant result in variables gestational
age, birth weight, sepsis status, length of stay, and discharge status.