Skripsi

Hubungan asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien dengan lingkar pinggang remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Jakarta = Relationship between energy intake and macronutrients composition with waist circumference in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Jakarta.

Latar Belakang : Asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien pada usia remaja mempengaruhi kesehatan pada usia dewasa. Remaja yang mengalami obesitas berisiko tinggi mengalami penyakit serius di usia dewasa, seperti: penyakit kardiovaskular dan diabetes mellitus. Lingkar pinggang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai parameter status gizi remaja, khususnya untuk menggambarkan obesitas sentral. Penelitian cross sectional ini dirancang untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien dengan lingkar pinggang remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Jakarta. Data diambil dari 75 orang remaja yang berkuliah di salah satu Fakultas Kedokteran di Jakarta pada periode Maret 2012-Mei 2012. Data diambil secara total sampling dan diperoleh dari wawancara dengan menggunakan instrumen FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) serta pengukuran lingkar pinggang. Sebanyak 20% dari total subjek mengalami obesitas sentral. Subjek rata-rata mengonsumsi energi berlebih dengan nilai tengah sebesar 2443 (761- 5109) kkal, dengan rerata persentase komposisi makronutrien sebagai berikut: 53.97 + 9.31% karbohidrat, 13.67 + 2.65% protein, dan 31.41 + 8.12% lemak. Hubungan antara asupan energi dengan lingkar pinggang remaja menghasilkan nilai p=0.908. Sedangkan, hubungan komposisi karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak dengan lingkar pinggang remaja masing-masing menghasilkan nilai p=0.118, p=0.200, p=0.540. Dengan demikian, tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan energi dan komposisi makronutrien dengan lingkar pinggang pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Jakarta.
Kata kunci : asupan energi; lingkar pinggang; makronutrien; remaja.


Background : Energy intake and macronutrients composition in adolescents could affect the health when they become an adult. The obese adolescent have high risk to have serious disease when they become adult, such as: cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Waist circumference was used in this study for represent adolescents’ nutrition status, in particular to describe central obesity. This cross sectional study was design to know the relationship between energy intake and macronutrients composition in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Jakarta. Data were taken from 75 adolescents who study in one of Medical Faculty in Jakarta during March 2012-May 2012. Data were taken by total sampling and obtained from interview by using FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) and waist circumference measurement. 20% of subjects had central obesity. Subjects on average consume excess energy with a median of 2443 (761-5109) kkal, with a mean percentage of macronutrients composition as follows: 53.97 + 9.31% of carbohydrate, 13.67 + 2.65% of protein, and 31.41 + 8.12% of fat. Relationship between energy intake and waist circumference in adolescents had the p value=0.908. While, relationship between carbohydrate, protein, and fat composition with waist circumference in adolescents had each p value as follows: p=0.118, p=0.200, p=0.540. Thus, there was no relationship between energy intake and macronutrients composition with waist circumference in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Jakarta.
Keywords : adolescents; energy intake; macronutrients; waist circumference.