Skripsi

Prevalensi antigen Wuchereria bancrofti dan evaluasi uji diagnostik pemeriksaan ICT pada anak Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Alor, Nusa Tenggara Timur setelah enam tahun pengobatan massal. = Prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti antigen using ICT and ICT evaluation on elementary students in Kabupaten Alor, Nusa Tenggara Timur after six-year mass drug administration.

Dalam upaya mengeliminasi filariasis limfatik, WHO mencanangkan GPELF (Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis) yaitu pengobatan massal menggunakan kombinasi obat DEC- Albendazol. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keberhasilan pengobatan massal tersebut dengan menilai prevalensi antigen W. bancrofti pada anak SD di daerah endemis yaitu Kabupaten Alor, NTT setelah menjalani enam tahun program. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi Mf < 1%, mengindikasikan keberhasilan program ini. Dari uji statistik menggunakan Fisher test, prevalensi antigen W. bancrofti tidak berkorelasi dengan persebaran kelompok umur (p=0,872), jenis kelamin (p=0,687), maupun letak kecamatan asal (p=0,061). Penelitian ini juga membandingkan dua pemeriksaan yaitu mikroskopis (gold standard) dan ICT. Uji diagnostik menunjukkan ICT mempunyai sensitivitas 0% dan spesifitas 99,54%, mengindikasikan ICT masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Namun, ICT lebih praktis digunakan, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan untuk screening apabila pemeriksaan mikroskopis tidak tersedia.
Kata kunci : filariasis limfatik, Wuchereria bancrofti, antigen, ICT, anak SD, pengobatan massal, Alor.


GPELF (Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis) is a mass drug administration program by WHO using the combination of DEC- Albendazole to eliminate lymphatic filariasis around the globe, including Indonesia as one of the endemic countries. As a global-scale program which demands great amount of money, GPELF needs to be evaluated consistently. Thus, this study is designed to evaluate the program by measuring the prevalence of W. bancrofti antigen in elementary students living in Kabupaten Alor, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Alor is one of the endemic regions in Indonesia that had been joining the program for six years from 2002 to 2007. The result shows that Mf rate below 1% indicates the program has been succesful in eliminating lymphatic filariasis. This study also analyzes the correlation between the prevalence of W. bancrofti antigen with age group, sex, and district. Fisher test shows that there is no correlation between the prevalence of W. bancrofti with age group (p=0,872), sex (p=0,687), and district (p=0,061). This study also tries to determine whether ICT can be used as the only diagnostic test in endemic areas by analyzing its result compared with microscopic examination result. It shows that ICT has very low sensitivity but very high specifity compared to the gold standard. Moreover, ICT has practical advantages over microscopic examination so that this serology test can be considered to be used when microscopic examination is not available.
Keywords : limphatic filariasis, Wuchereria bancrofti, antigen, ICT, elementary students, mass drug administration, Alor.