Skripsi

Analisa Faktor Pendidikan pada Wanita Peserta Program Penapisan Kanker Leher Rahim dengan Pendekatan “See & Treat”: Untuk Deteksi Lesi Prakanker dan Pengobatan dengan Terapi Beku. = An Analysis of Educational Level Factor toward Female Participants in Cervical Cancer Screening Program with See and Treat Approaches: For Precancer Lesion Detection and Medication with Cryotherapy.

Latar Belakang: Pada umumnya penderita kanker serviks di Indonesia berpendidikan rendah. Selain itu belum ada data yang menggambarkan tentang sebaran dan hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan terjadinya lesi prakanker serviks di Indonesia, khususnya di Jakarta. Sementara angka kejadian kanker serviks di Indonesia meningkat setiap tahunnya. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui prevalensi wanita peserta program skrining “see & treat” berdasarkan usia, tingkat pendidikan, usia pertama menikah, dan hasil penemuan tes IVA pada bulan April-Mei 2009 di 4 puskesmas Jatinegara dan mengetahui keterkaitan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan hasil penemuan tes IVA, serta pengaruhnya terhadap terjadinya lesi pra-kanker serviks. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional dengan sampel minimal 106 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data kuesioner program dari bulan April hingga Mei 2009 di 4 puskesmas daerah Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur, yang telah dikumpulkan sebelumnya. Hasil: Jumlah responden pada kelompok tingkat pendidikan rendah 44.4% sedangkan tingkat pendidikan tinggi/lanjutan 47.1%. Jumlah responden dengan hasil tes IVA positif 98.5% dan negatif 1.1%. Dari 559 orang responden, 0.6% wanita berpendidikan rendah/dasar dengan IVA positif dan 0.4% berada pada tingkat pendidikan tinggi/lanjutan. Hasil analisa statistik tidak mendapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan dengan hasil tes IVA (p = 0.610; RP = 1.58 dengan IK 95% 0.27 - 9.50). Sementara itu terdapat hubungan yang sangat bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan dengan usia pertama menikah responden (p < 0.001; RP = 7.78 dengan IK 95% 5.27 - 11.47). Kesimpulan: Jumlah responden lebih banyak berada pada kelompok tingkat pendidikan tinggi/lanjutan (47.1%). Tingkat pendidikan yang rendah tidak berhubungan dan bukan merupakan faktor risiko terhadap penemuan hasil tes IVA yang positif pada 559 responden di 4 puskesmas di Jatinegara. Namun tingkat pendidikan yang rendah berpengaruh bermakna terhadap usia pertama menikah responden yang lebih muda.
Kata kunci: Penemuan hasil tes IVA, tingkat pendidikan, usia pertama menikah.



Introduction: Generally, the cervical cancer patients in Indonesia have low educational level. In addition, there was no data which describe the distribution and the correlation between educational level and prevalence of precancer’s lesion in Indonesia, particularly in Jakarta. Whereas the amount of cervical cancer in Indonesia is increasing every year. Objective: To discover the prevalence of “See and treat” screening programme’s participants based on their age, educational level, age of first marriage, and prevalence of VIA test’s results from April until May, 2009, at 4 Community Health Centers in Jatinegara, East Jakarta, and to discover the correlation between educational level and the number of VIA test’s results, also the influence that possibly concomit the precancer’s lesion. Method: A cross-sectional study with 106 minimal samples. The datas were collected by using programme’s questionnaires started from April until May, 2009, at 4 Community Health Centers in Jatinegara that had already been collected before. Result: The number of percentage of responders who had low-leveled of education was 44.4%, while the high-leveled of education percentages was 47.1%. The number of percentages of the responders who had positive VIA result was 1.1% and the negative result was 98.5%. From 559 responders, 0.6% of women with positive VIA results had low-leveled of education and 0.4% of women had high-leveled of education. The statistical analysis result showed that there was no meaningful correlations between the educational level and the number of VIA test result (p = 0.610; PR = 1.58 with 95% IC 0.27 - 9.50). Meanwhile, there was a very meaningful correlation between the educational level and age of first marriage (p < 0.001; PR = 7.78 with 95% IC 5.27 - 11.47). Conclusion: The majority of responders were from high-leveled of education (47.1%). Lower educational level did not correlated and was not the risk factor of the positive finding of VIA test results in 526 responders at 4 Community Health Centers in Jatinegara. However, lower educational level was meaningfully correlated to a younger age of first marriage.
Keywords : VIA test’s results, educational level, age of first marriage.