Skripsi

Perbedaan Durasi Adaptasi Gelap antara Miopi Derajat Berat Early Onset dan Emetrop. = The Difference of Dark Adaptation Duration between Severe Early Onset Myopia and Emmetropia.

Miopi merupakan salah satu kelainan mata yang paling sering terjadi di dunia, termasuk di negara-negara Asia. Oleh karena itu masyarakat perlu mengetahui berbagai hal yang dapat terjadi pada miopi, salah satunya mengenai perubahan adaptasi gelap pada miopi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan durasi adaptasi gelap antara miopi derajat berat early onset dan emetrop, sekaligus untuk mendeteksi kerusakan fotoreseptor di retina pada miopi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode cross-sectional di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Perbedaan durasi adaptasi ini dapat diketahui dengan mengukur lamanya responden dapat membaca huruf dalam ruangan gelap. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 18 orang sivitas akademika yang dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling. Usia responden berkisar antara 18 hingga 20 tahun, sedangkan besar dioptri berkisar antara 6 hingga 11 D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa durasi adaptasi semua responden masih berada dalam batas normal, meskipun didapatkan bahwa durasi adaptasi gelap pada miopi derajat berat early onset lebih lama dari emetrop, namun perbedaan tersebut tidak bermakna secara statistik, karena berdasarkan hasil uji t tidak berpasangan didapat nilai p = 0,442 (p > 0,05). Hal ini mungkin disebabkan karena belum adanya kerusakan fotoreseptor di retina yang cukup signifikan.
Kata kunci : Miopi derajat berat early onset, emetrop, durasi adaptasi gelap, fotoreseptor di retina.



Myopia is one of eye disorders that most often occurs in the world, including in Asian countries. Therefore, people need to know the various things that can happen to myopia, one concerning is about the changes of dark adaptation on myopia. The purpose of this study is determining the differences in the duration of dark adaptation between severe early onset myopia and emmetropia, as well as to detect the damage of photoreceptors in the retina on myopia. The design of this research is cross-sectional study. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Differences duration of this adaptation can be identified by measuring the duration that needed by the respondent to read the letters in a dark room. Research was conducted on 18 people selected among academic civities using consecutive sampling method. The ages of the myopes ranged from 18 to 20 years, and the refractions 6,0 to 11,0 D. The results showed that the dark adaptation duration of all respondents is still within normal limits, although it was found that the dark adaptation duration in severe early-onset myopia longer than emmetropia, but the difference was not statistically significant, because according to the results obtained from unpaired t test, we found that p value = 0.442 (p > 0.05). This is probably because there is no significant damage to the photoreceptors in the retina.
Keywords : Severe early-onset myopia, emmetropia, dark adaptation duration, photoreceptors in the retina.