Skripsi

Pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perubahan keberadaan larva aedes aegypti di container non-tempat penampungan air di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat. = The Influence of health education towards the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in non reservoir containers at West Paseban, Central Jakarta.

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia terutama di Jakarta antara lain di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat sehingga perlu diberantas. Agar pemberantasan berhasil, warga perlu dibekali dengan pengetahuan mengenai pemberantasan vektor melalui penyuluhan. Untuk mengetahui keberhasilan pemberantasan vektor dilakukan survei entomologi sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan setelah itu hasilnya dibandingkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan DBD terhadap keberadaan larva Aedes aegypti di container non-TPA di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi ekperimental dengan intervensi berupa penyuluhan. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat pada bulan Mei (pretest) dan Juni 2009 (posttest) dengan single larval method, Sebelum penyuluhan, diperoleh house index (HI) 14%, container index (CI) 6,27%, dan breteau index (BI) 16. Setelah penyuluhan indikator tersebut menurun menjadi: HI 5%, CI 3,14%, dan BI 8. Hal itu menunjukkan Paseban Barat tidak lagi menjadi daerah risiko tinggi penularan DBD karena menurut WHO suatu daerah dikatakan risiko tinggi jika CI ≥ 5%, HI ≥ 10%, dan BI ≥ 50. Dari 30 container non-TPA diperoleh satu container positif larva yaitu penampung air dispenser dan sesudah penyuluhan dispenser tersebut tidak lagi mengandung larva. Meskipun demikian didapatkan satu container positif yaitu vas bunga. Disimpulkan bahwa kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD menurun sesudah penyuluhan namun keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti di container non- TPA tidak berubah.
Kata kunci : DBD, larva Ae. aegypti, container non-TPA, Penyuluhan, Paseban Barat.



Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a public health problems in Indonesia, especially in urban areas such as Jakarta, one of them is West Paseban, denoting the importance of DHF vector control. Before the control conducted, health education was given to the residents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of Ae. aegypti larvae in non-reservoirs water containers before and after health education by comparing the entomological survey results before and after the education. This experimental study was conducted in May and June 2009 using single larval method. Before health education, the house index (HI) was 14%, container index (CI) 6,27%, and breteau index (BI) 16, and after health education, the indices were 5%, 3,14%, and 8, respectively, thus West Paseban was not considered as high risk according to WHO (HI ≥ 10%, CI ≥ 5%, dan BI ≥ 50). From 30 non-reservoir water containers, one container (dispenser container) was positive and became negative after health education. However flower vase which negative before health education became positive. It was concluded that the vector density and distribution reduced after health education but the presence of Aedes larvae remains the same.
Keywords: DHF, Ae. aegypti larvae, non-reservoir container, health education, West Paseban.