Skripsi

Stroke risk factors and its relation to education levels of first stroke patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital

Background: Many people in Indonesia have low levels of education, putting them in the low socioeconomic group, and therefore at increased risk of stroke. Can this risk be explained by higher prevalence of stroke risk factors? Objectives: This preliminary study aimed to determine the distribution of education levels and stroke risk factors among first stroke patients, and also to find out the association between education levels and risk factors of stroke such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking history and obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used in this research. Data regarding risk factors of stroke and education levels for 436 first stroke patients were obtained from the medical records in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Chi-square test was carried out to find the association between hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking history, obesity and education levels in these patients. Results: The distribution of education levels among the patients was uneven, with 25% of patients having none or low education, and 54.3% with upper secondary or tertiary level education. More first stroke patients are hypertensive, have diabetes mellitus, are smokers and are obese. A significant association was found between hypertension and education level (p = 0.001). Patients with low education tended to be 12.5% more likely to have hypertension compared to patients with high education (2 p = 0.07). Meanwhile, no association was found between education level and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.737), smoking history (p = 0.467) and obesity (p = 0.328). Conclusion: There was a socioeconomic disparity among first stroke patients in RSCM. Risk factors of stroke may be related to education level in these patients, but large prospective cohort studies are needed to determine the direction of associations. (267 words).
Keywords: Stroke, education level, socioeconomic status, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking history.