Skripsi

Pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perubahan keberadaan larva aedes aegypti di container dalam rumah di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat. = The Influence of Health Promotion Towards The Existence of Aedes aegypti Larvae Inside Indoor Container at West Paseban, Central Jakarta.

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia karena insidensnya tinggi dan penyebaran semakin luas. DKI Jakarta merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah penderita terbanyak dan salah satu wilayahnya yaitu Kelurahan Paseban termasuk zona merah sehingga perlu dilakukan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN). Agar dapat melakukan PSN dengan benar, warga perlu dibekali dengan pengetahuan mengenai PSN melalui penyuluhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perubahan kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD serta keberadaan larva Aedes aegypti di container dalam rumah. Desain penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan intervensi berupa penyuluhan. Indikator keberhasilan penyuluhan dievaluasi dengan melakukan survei entomologi sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Paseban Barat pada bulan Mei 2009 (pretest) dan Juni 2009 (posttest). Survei dilakukan di 100 rumah menggunakan single larval method dan hasilnya dianalisis dengan uji Mc Nemar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan house index dari 14% menjadi 8%, container index dari 6,27% menjadi 3,14%, dan breteau index dari 16 menjadi 8. Analisis keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti dengan uji Mc Nemar didapatkan p = 0,027 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna. Disimpulkan bahwa penyuluhan mempengaruhi keberadaan larva di container dalam rumah.
Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, container dalam rumah, penyuluhan, Paseban Barat.



Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major health problem in Indonesia for high insidence and its rapid distribution. DKI Jakarta is a province that holds the most number of DHF sufferers. One of its area, Kelurahan Paseban is considered as a red zone, therefore, mosquito vector control should be taken place. In order for vector control to be held correctly, knowledge about vector control must be passed on to the citizens through a health promotion. The aim of this research is to acknowledge the influence of health promotion towards changes in DHF vectors’ density and distribution, as well as the existence of Aedes aegypti's larvae in indoor container. Design of this research is characterised as experimental with health promotion as an intervention. The success indication of this health promotion is evaluated by holding an entomology survey before and after the health promotion taken place. Collection of the data in Paseban Barat was held in May 2009 (pretest) and June 2009 (posttest). The survey was done in 100 housings using single larval method and the result was analysed using Mc Nemar test. The result represents a decline in house index from 14% to 8%, container index 6,27% to 3,14%, and breteau index from 16 to 8. Analysis of the Ae. aegypti' existence using Mc Nemar resulted p = 0,027 which shows a significant difference. In conclusion, the health promotion has influence in the existence of larvae inside indoor container.
Keywords: Dengue, Aedes aegypti larvae, West Paseban, indoor container, health promotion.