Skripsi

Evaluation of radiotherapy effect after given dose of 2000-3000 cGy to chromosomal aberration in nasopharyngeal cancer patients using G-banding method

Abstract : Cancer has become one of the major burdens in many countries. WHO (World Health Organization) predicted that there will be a great increase of cancer sufferer in the world, from 11 million to 27 million in 2030. This increasing of prevalence happens in 70% of developing countries, including Indonesia. The „Survey Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT, 2004)‟ has suggested that cancer is the number five killer disease in Indonesia. Radiation therapy is one of the methods used for the treating cancer patients. However, one of the important and dangerous side effects of radiation therapy is chromosomal aberration in cellular level. Therefore this research is conducted to evaluate the severity of chromosomal aberration that can happen due to radiotherapy. In performing this research, prospective cohort method was used to follow the progress of the patient until they receive radiotherapy treatment. Samples of the chromosome are taken from peripheral blood lymphocyte from 18 nasopharyngeal cancer patients who do not undergo radiotherapy yet and after the patient get radiotherapy treatment with given dose 2000-3000 cGy. However, there are only 2 patients that can be analyzed and evaluated. G-banding method is applied in evaluating the chromosomal aberration in every metaphases found. In hoping that, there is an approximate location of chromosomal aberration that can be analyzed for further study. The result of this research shows that there are chromosomal aberrations in the form of terminal deletion and ring chromosome that happen in post exposure to 2000-3000 cGy doses of radiotherapy. The prone location of the aberration cannot be concluded due to no similar location of chromosomal aberration reported after exposure. In addition, this research cannot detect which chromosome is more prone to chromosomal aberration since the aberration always happen in different chromosome in each sample. Nevertheless, the research managed to wrap up from all the findings that chromosomal aberration commonly happen in the form of terminal deletion.