Skripsi

Keberadaan Larva Aedes aegypti di Container Dalam Rumah di Paseban Barat dan Paseban Timur, Jakarta Pusat. = The Existence of Aedes aegypti Larvae in Indoor Container in West Paseban and East Paseban, Central Jakarta.

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia. Masih belum ditemukan vaksin yang dapat mencegah ataupun obat yang dapat mengatasi DBD secara efektif. Oleh karena itu, pencegahan menjadi bagian penting dalam penyakit ini. Pencegahan dilakukan dengan kontrol vektor utama DBD, yaitu spesies nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Agar kontrol vektor dapat terlaksana secara tepat sasaran, dibutuhkan data epidemiologi mengenai keberadaan larva di dalam rumah. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan survei entomologi untuk menilai kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD, serta keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti di container dalam rumah. Penelitian dilakukan di Paseban Barat dan Paseban Timur, Jakarta Pusat, pada tanggal 2-3 Mei 2009. Sampel melibatkan 100 rumah di masing-masing wilayah dan metode pengambilan larva yang digunakan adalah single-larva method. Data container yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Dari 100 rumah di Paseban Barat, didapatkan house index sebesar 12%, container index 5,98%, dan breteau index 18. Di Paseban Timur, HI 27%, CI 15,04%, dan BI 40. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD di Paseban Timur lebih tinggi dibandingkan Paseban Barat. Dari jumlah container yang ditemukan, 17 dari 258 buah container (6,59%) di Paseban Barat positif, sementara 26 dari 224 buah container (11,61%) di Paseban Timur positif. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan larva di Paseban Timur lebih tinggi dibandingkan Paseban Barat. Melalui uji chi-square, didapatkan p sebesar 0,054, yang berarti keberadaan larva di Paseban Barat tidak berbeda bermakna dengan Paseban Timur. Maka, ditarik kesimpulan bahwa keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti tidak berhubungan dengan wilayah.
Kata Kunci : Vektor DBD, larva Aedes aegypti, container dalam rumah, Paseban Barat, Paseban Timur.



Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major health problem in Indonesia. There is no vaccine or drug for this disease, so the only way is to prevent it by controlling its main vector, which is Aedes aegypti. In order to do that, we need data of larvae existence inside the house. The purpose of this research is to determine the density and the distribution of DHF’s vector, and also to know the existence of larvae in the containers inside the house. The data were collected in West Paseban and East Paseban, Central Jakarta, at May 2nd-3rd, 2009. The research was conducted at 100 houses in each area by using single-larva method. The data were then analyzed by chi-square test analysis. The house index (HI) of West Paseban is 12%, while the container index (CI) is 5,98%, and the breteau index (BI) is 18. At East Paseban, the HI is 27%, the CI is 15,04%, and the BI is 46. It shows that the density and distribution of DHF’s vector was higher at East Paseban than West Paseban. From the amount of the containers, we found that 17 from 258 containers (6,59%) at West Paseban was positive, while 26 from 258 containers (11,61%) at East Paseban was positive. It shows that the existence of larvae at East Paseban is higher than West Paseban. From the chi-square analysis, we found the value of p is 0,054. Therefore, we conclude that the relation between the existence of Ae. aegypti larva and the area is not statistically significant.
Keywords : DHF vector, Aedes aegypti larvae, container inside the house, West Paseban, East Paseban.