Skripsi

Pola Kepekaan Bakteri Gram-Negatif Penyebab Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan terhadap Antibiotik Golongan Sefalosporin, Sulfonamid, dan Fluorokuinolon di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia Tahun 2004- 2006. = Gram-Negative Bacteria Sensitivity Pattern in Respiratory Tract Infection against Group Antibiotics of Cephalosporin, Sulfonamide, and Fluoroquinolone at Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia in 2004- 2006.

Pemberian antibiotik secara empirik untuk mengatasi infeksi saluran nafas (ISP) khususnya disebabkan bakteri Gram-negatif harus didasari informasi terkini tentang pola dan kepekaan bakteri tersebut terhadap berbagai antibiotik. Pada tahun 2004-2006 telah diisolasi 1327 bakteri Gram-negatif dari berbagai spesimen. Uji kepekaan dilakukan dengan cara difusi cakram menurut Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) dan menggunakan 70% sebagai batas kepekaan. Kepekaan seluruh isolat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh sefepim, diikuti berturut-turut oleh siprofloksasin, trimetoprim/sulfametoksazol, dan seftriakson. Hanya sefepim dan siprofloksasin yang menunjukkan kepekaan diatas 70%. Kepekaan total dapat memberi dasar yang lebih objektif bagi pemilihan antibiotik untuk pengobatan empirik ISP khususnya terhadap bakteri Gram-negatif.
Kata kunci: ISP, bakteri Gram-negatif, sefepim, seftriakson, siprofloksasin, trimetoprim/sulfametoksazol, kepekaan.



The empiric use of antibiotics in treating respiratory tract infection (RTI) particularly caused by Gram-negative bacteria must be based on up to date information about bacteria pattern and sensitivity towards numerous antibiotics. In term period 2004-2006, 1327 bacterias were isolated from numerous specimens. Sensitivity test used disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and used 70% as sensitivity limit. From all isolates’ sensitivity, the highest was shown by cefepime, followed by ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ceftriaxone. Only cefepime and ciprofloxacin showed sensitivity more than 70%. Total sensitivity could give more objective landing at choosing antibiotics for RTI in empiric treatment particularly caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
Keywords: RTI, Gram-negative bacteria, Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, sensitivity.