Skripsi

Prevalensi bayi preterm dan manifestasi patologisnya berdasarkan usia gestasi di Central Medical Unit (CMU) Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo periode Januari-Juni 2008. = The Prevalence of Preterm Baby and Its Patological Manifestations Based on Gestational Age at Central Medical Unit (CMU) Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January-June 2008.

Latar Belakang. Sebagian besar kematian perinatal terjadi pada bayi preterm dan kelahiran preterm memiliki suatu faktor risiko yang penting dalam perkembangan organ-organ di tahap kehidupan selanjutnya. Penelitian ini akan membahas prevalensi bayi preterm dan manifestasi patologis terbanyak pada bayi preterm berdasarkan usia gestasinya di CMU RSCM periode Januari-Juni 2008. Metode. Sampel adalah rekam medik bayi dengan kelahiran preterm yang dirawat di CMU RSCM periode Januari-Juni 2008. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total sampling. Peneliti menggunakan desain cross sectional yang bersifat deskriptif sebagai desain penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS 14 for Windows. Tidak ada penelitian kemaknaan. Hasil. Hasilnya didapatkan 158 bayi preterm yang akan diteliti manifestasi patologisnya atau sebanyak 43,5% dari keseluruhan bayi yang dirawat di CMU RSCM periode Januari-Juni 2008. Kemudian didapatkan manifestasi patologis terbanyak, di antaranya respiratory distress dengan persentase 46,8%, sepsis dengan persentase 36,7%, penyakit membran hialin dengan persentase 27,2%, apnea of prematurity sebanyak 8,9%, dan hiperbilirubinemia sebanyak 5,7%. Kesimpulan. Bayi preterm yang dirawat di CMU RSCM periode Januari-Juni 2008 memiliki prevalensi sebanyak 158 bayi atau 43,5%. Jika diamati secara umum, dari sejumlah manifestasi patologis pada bayi preterm, penyakit membran hialin dan apnea of prematurity memiliki prevalensi yang berbanding terbalik dengan usia gestasi, sedangkan respiratory distress, sepsis, dan hiperbilirubinemia memiliki prevalensi yang kurang lebih sama di setiap usia gestasi.
Kata kunci: Preterm, usia gestasi, manifestasi patologis, RSCM.



Background. Preterm birth is a major challenge in perinatal health care. Most perinatal deaths occur in preterm infants, and preterm birth is an important risk factor for neurological impairment and disability. This research focused on the prevalence of preterm babies and their patological manifestations based on gestational age at CMU RSCM from Jannuary-June 2008. Methods. Preterm baby’s medical records, who were being hospitalized at CMU RSCM from January-June 2008, were being used as samples. Samples chosen by total sampling. This research using descriptive cross sectional design as a research design. The analysis was being done by using SPSS 14 for Windows with no association measurement. Results. A total of 158 preterm babies were studied for their patological manifestations or approximately 43.5% from all of babies that were being hospitalized at CMU RSCM from January-June 2008. Several patological manifestations appeared, such as respiratory distress at 46.8%, sepsis at 36.7%, hyaline membrane disease at 27.2%, apnea of prematurity at 8.9%, and hyperbilirubinemia at 5.7%. Conclusions. Preterm babies that were being hospitalized at CMU RSCM from January-June 2008 have a prevalence of 158 babies or 43.5%. From the list of patological manifestations generally, the prevalence of hyaline membrane disease and apnea of prematurity decrease as the gestational age become higher. On the other hand, respiratory distress, sepsis, and hiperbilirubinemia are not affected by gestational age.
Keyword: Preterm, gestational age, patological manifestations, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.