Skripsi

Prevalensi Prehipertensi dan Hipertensi Serta hubungannya dengan Usia, Indeks Masa Tubuh, Kebiasaan Merokok dan Nilai Kolesterol Total pada Karyawan PT X, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. = Prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension and Its Correlation with Age, Body Mass Index, Smoking Status, and Total Cholesterol Level in Workers of PT X, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan.

Berdasarkan data Global Burden of Disease (GBD) tahun 2000, 50% dari penyakit kardiovaskuler disebabkan oleh hipertensi. Berdasarkan data Depkes (2008), prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia sebesar 31.7%. The Seventh US National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) membuat klasifikasi baru untuk tekanan darah dan menambahkan satu kategori baru yaitu “prehipertensi”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian prehipertensi dan hipertensi pada karyawan PT X, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini dibuat dengan desain cross sectional dengan data sekunder yang pengambilan datanya dilakukan di klinik PT X, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur pada tanggal 20-23 Juni 2009. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan total sampling. Selanjutnya data dianalisa secara univariat untuk mengetahui prevalensi prehipertensi dan hipertensi serta untuk mengetahui karakteristik responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, IMT, kebiasaan merokok dan nilai kolesterol total. Data juga dianalisa secara bivariat dengan crosstab, chi-square dan uji korelasi Spearman rho. Dari perhitungan prevalensi pada karyawan PT X , didapatkan hasil 37,6% menderita prehipertensi sistol dan 8,2% menderita hipertensi sistol dan, didapatkan hasil 40,6% menderita prehipertensi diastol dan 12,3% menderita hipertensi diastol. Dari hasil analisa faktor risiko, didapatkan bahwa usia diatas atau sama dengan 45 tahun, obesitas dan hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor risiko prehipertensi dan hipertensi, sedangkan kebiasaan merokok tidak dapat disimpulkan merupakan faktor risiko karena antara keduanya tidak terdapat hubungan. Dari hasil uji korelasi didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara usia, IMT, dan nilai kolesterol total dengan tekanan darah sistol dan diastol.
Kata kunci: Prehipertensi, Hipertensi, Tekanan Darah Sistol, Tekanan darah Diastol Usia, IMT, Kebiasaan Merokok, Kolesterol Total.



Based on data from Global Burden of Disease (2000), 50% of cardiovascular morbidities are caused by hypertension. Indonesian Health Department in 2008 stated that the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 31,7%. The Seventh US National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) revised the classification of blood pressures and added a new category, which is “prehypertension”. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence and related factors of prehypertension and hypertension in workers of PT X, Balikpapan, East Borneo. This is a cross sectional study using secondary data from the clinic in PT X during 20-23 June 2009. The sampling thechnique of this study is total sampling technique. A univariate analysis was conducted to know the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension and to show the characteristics of respondents based on sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, and total cholesterol level. A bivariate analysis was also conducted using crosstabs and chi-square, and a correlation test using Spearman rho. 37,6% of the workers had systolic prehypertension and 8,2% had systolic hypertension; while 40,6% had diastolic prehypertension and 12,3% had diastolic hypertension. Age above 45 years old, obesity and hypercholesterolemia were the risk factors of prehypertention and hypertention, but smoking habit can’t be concluded as a risk factor because there were no assiociation between them. There was a significant correlation for age, body mass index, and total correlation score with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was no significant correlation between number of cigarettes smoked in a day with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Keywords: Prehypertension, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, age, body mass index, smoking status, total cholesterol level.