Skripsi

Pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perubahan keberadaan larva Aedes aegypti di container tempat penampungan Air di paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat. = The effect of health education on the change of the existence of aedes aegypti in reservoir larvae in reservoir containers in Paseban Barat, Central Jakarta.

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia antara lain di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat sehingga perlu diberantas. Pemberantasan harus dilakukan oleh semua warga dengan melakukan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) Aedes aegypti. Agar pemberantasan tepat sasaran masyarakat perlu dibekali pengetahuan mengenai PSN dengan penyuluhan. Setelah itu, keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dibandingkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap perubahan keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti di container TPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan intervensi berupa penyuluhan. Indikator keberhasilan penyuluhan dievaluasi dengan melakukan survei entomologi sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2009 (prestest) dan Juni 2009 (posttest) di Paseban Barat. Survei entomologi dilakukan dengan single larval method di 100 rumah di Paseban Barat, Jakarta Pusat. Hasilnya menunjukkan house index turun dari 14% menjadi 8%, container index dari 6,3% menjadi 3,1%, dan breteau index dari 16 menjadi 8. Container dikategorikan menjadi TPA dan non-TPA. Keberadaan larva di TPA dianalisis dengan uji Mc Nemar dan didapatkan p = 0,134 yang berarti tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti di container TPA sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Disimpulkan bahwa kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD serta keberadaan larva di TPA tidak dipengaruhi oleh penyuluhan.
Kata kunci: penyuluhan, Aedes aegypti, container TPA, Paseban Barat.



Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Indonesia especially in Paseban Barat, Central Jakarta so it needs to be controlled. The control must be conducted by all residents by doing mosquitoes vector control of Aedes aegypti. In order to control the right target, knowledge about mosquitoes vector control should be given to all residents through a health education. After that, the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae before and after health education were compared. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education to the transformation of the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae in reservoir containers. This study used an experimental design with an intervention in form of health education. The indicator of health education success was evaluated by conducting entomology survey before and after health education. The data was taken in May 2009 (pretest) and June 2009 (posttest) in Paseban Barat. The entomology surveys were conducted using single larval method in 100 houses in Paseban Barat, Central Jakarta. The result showed that house index reduced from 14% to 8%, container index from 6.3% to 3.1%, and breteau index from 16 to 8. Containers were categorized into reservoir and non reservoir. The existence of larvae in reservoir containers was analyzed by Mc Nemar test and showed p = 0.134 which means that there were no significant differences between the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae in reservoir containers before and after health education. It was concluded that the density and the distribution of DHF vector and the existence of larvae in reservoir containers were not influenced by helath education.
Keywords: health education, Aedes aegypti, reservoir containers, Paseban Barat.