Skripsi

The evaluation of the effect of radiotherapy after given dose of 5000-6000cGy towards chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients using G-Banding methods

The number of new cases of cancer patients have been increasing substantially in many developing countries in the past few years. In Indonesia itself, it has been estimated that there are 100 new cases in every 100,000 population annually and the „Survey Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT, 2004)‟ have suggested that cancer is the number five killer disease in Indonesia which enforces the necessity to treat it immediately. Nowadays, there are four most common options for treatment of cancer, for instance, surgery; radiotherapy; chemotherapy and biological therapy which are usually performed alone or in combination with one another. Among all four options of cancer treatment, radiotherapy has been highlighted for years for being responsible in causing many side effects especially patients‟ chromosomal abberations. Therefore this research has been commenced in order to analyze the degree as well as the severity of the chromosomal abberrations that may happen by using cohort study. Samples for this study are taken from the peripheral blood of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients before and after undergoing radiotherapy with total radiation dosage of 5000-6000 cGy. Overall, there are 18 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma being closely followed-up, but 15 of them had dropped out leaving only 3 patients who are able to have their peripheral blood analyzed for chromosomal abberations. The sample of blood from the patient were taken to be cultured in the laboratory and then the chromosomal abberrations will be able to be observed by banding the chromosomes with G-banding technique for the purpose of more detailed observations of chromosomal abberations that may happen. The results of this study have not proven which chromosomes is more prone to aberrations by radiotherapy. However, this study has shown that chromosomal abberations have indeed been induced by this very procedure. We can observe many more structural chromosomal aberrations to arise after radiotherapy such as chromosomal interstitial deletions and direct insertions. Results gathered have shown that ionizing radiation from radiotherapy have shown to induce structural chromosomal alterations in patients undergoing the procedure.
Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, radiotherapy, chromosomal aberrations.