Skripsi

Keberadaan Larva Aedes aegypti di Container Tempat Penampungan Air di Paseban Barat dan Paseban Timur, Jakarta Pusat. = The Existence of Aedes aegypti Larvae in Container in West Paseban and East Paseban, Central Jakarta.

Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit infeksi tropis yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, antara lain di Kelurahan Paseban, Jakarta Pusat. Data kasus pada Maret 2009 menunjukkan bahwa Paseban termasuk dalam zona merah penyebaran DBD sehingga diperlukan pemberantasan vektor DBD. Dalam melakukan upaya tersebut diperlukan data mengenai tempat berkembang biak, angka kepadatan, dan penyebaran Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan vektor DBD serta keberadaan larva Aedes aegypti di container TPA di Paseban Barat dan Paseban Timur. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada tanggal 2-3 Mei 2009 yang berupa survei larva di seratus rumah di Paseban Barat dan seratus rumah di Paseban Timur. Container TPA yang ditemukan dikategorikan berdasarkan wilayah Paseban kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square untuk mengetahui hubungan wilayah dengan keberadaan larva Ae. aegypti di container TPA. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penularan DBD di Paseban Timur lebih tinggi daripada Paseban Barat dengan kedua daerah menunjukkan house index dan container index tergolong tinggi sehingga dapat mendukung penyebaran virus dengue. Secara proporsi, didapatkan larva yang lebih banyak di container TPA di Paseban Barat daripada di Paseban Timur, dan hal tersebut berbeda bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,037) dengan uji chi square. Disimpulkan bahwa kepadatan dan penyebaran vektor DBD di Paseban Timur lebih tinggi daripada Paseban Barat dan terdapat hubungan antara wilayah dengan keberadaan larva Aedes aegypti di container TPA. Hasil ini dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman dalam edukasi masyarakat Paseban di kemudian hari.
Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue (DBD), Aedes aegypti, container TPA, Paseban Barat, Paseban Timur.



Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), a tropical infectious disease, is a public health problem in Indonesia, including in Paseban District, Central Jakarta. Data case in March 2009 showed that Paseban was implied in red zone for DHF distribution, thus this area requires an eradication of DHF vector. In order to do the eradication, data about places for vector reproduction, the density, and distribution of Aedes aegypti are needed to be determined. The purpose of this study was to assess the density of DHF vector and the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the containers in West Paseban and East Paseban. The data collection was conducted on May 2nd-3rd 2009 by a larvae survey in a hundred houses in West Paseban and a hundred in East Paseban. The containers were categorized into two categories based on the area, West and East Paseban, then analyzed by chi square test to know the correlation between Paseban area and the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in containers. The results showed that the transmission of DHF vector in East Paseban was higher than West Paseban with both areas showed house and container index were high enough to allow dengue viral transmission. Proportionally, more larvae were found in East Paseban containers than West Paseban and it was statistically significance (p = 0.037) by chi square test. In conclusion, the density and distribution of DHF vector in East Paseban were higher than West Paseban and there was significance between Paseban area and the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae in containers. These results could be used as orientation in giving education to Paseban societies in the future.
Keywords: dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), Aedes aegypti, container, East Paseban, West Paseban.