Tesis

Perbandingan Kadar serum retinol pada kehamilan normal dan preeklampsia = Comparison Serum Retinol level between Normal Pregnancy And Preeclampsia

Prevalensi preeklampsia di Indonesia terus meningkat sehingga menyebabkan
tingginya angka kematian ibu dan janin. Penyebab dari preeklampsia masih belum
dapat diketahui, defisiensi vitamin A kemungkinan dapat meningkatkan risiko
terjadinya preeklampsia ibu hamil. Data mengenai status dari vitamin A pada
kehamilan masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini untuk membandingkan retinol
serum antara perempuan hamil normal dengan preeklampsia pada usia ≥18 tahun,
usia kehamilan diatas 20 minggu. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang,
yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tarakan, Jakarta Pusat pada bulan
Mei – Oktober 2014. Subyek penelitian didapatkan melalui consecutive sampling,
sebanyak 96 orang yang sesuai kriteria penelitian ditetapkan sebagai subyek
penelitian. Diagnosis ditegakan oleh dokter spesialis kebidanan. Interview data
asupan retinol dilakukan menggunakan metode FFQ semiquantitative.
Pada penelitian ini didapatkan subjek diatas usia 35 tahun dan hamil diatas 28
minggu, cenderung lebih banyak pada dengan kelompok preeklampsia. Terdapat
perbedaan bermakna asupan retinol antara subjek hamil normal dengan
preeklampsia. Kadar retinol serum antara subjek hamil normal dengan kehamilan
preeklampsia tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna.
Kesimpulan : Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna kadar retinol serum antara
hamil normal dan preeklampsia.


The prevalence of preeclampsia in Indonesia still high, caused high mortality rates
in women and fetus. Vitamin A deficiency or retinol during pregnancy may
increase the risk of preeclampsia. Data on retinol serum of pregnant women and
pregnant women with preeclampsia in Indonesia is still limited. The aim of this
study was to compare retinol serum betwen normal pregnancy and pregnancy with
preeclampsia.
The method used in this study was cross sectional, held in Tarakan Hospital,
Central Jakarta during Mei to October 2014. The subject was obtained by
concecutive sampling and 96 subjects who meet study criteria were enrolled in
this study. Diagnosis of preeclampsia was determined by an attending
gynecologist and interview on demographic chatacteristics and obstetric history
was performed. Nutritional status and dietary intake of retinol were assessed using
FFQ semiquantitative and MUAC measurement, respectively. Non-fasting serum
retinol concentration was determined by HPLC method.
Result : More older subject and gestational age above 28 weeks were observed
among pregnancy with preeclampsia. There was a significant difference of retinol
intake, but no significant difference in serum retinol concentration between
subjects with preeclampsia as compared to normal pregnancy.
Conclusion :. There is no significant difference of retinol serum levels betwen
subject with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.